ASHRAE Journal - May 2020 - 12
TECHNICAL FEATURE
HVAC and Infection Control for Surgery Centers
Improving Facility
Design Using Coupled
CFD-Multizone Software
BY BRUNO PERAZZO PEDROSO BARBOSA, PH.D., ASSOCIATE MEMBER ASHRAE; NISIO DE CARVALHO LOBO BRUM, PH.D., MEMBER ASHRAE
Surgical site infections (SSI) are commonly reported among nosocomial infections,
leading to delayed patient recovery and causing financial losses related to extended
hospitalizations.1 Among other factors, SSI may result from the settlement of infectious particles on surgical instruments or directly into the surgical site.1 Therefore,
providing suitable air treatment for surgery centers is a means to reducing the risk of
surgical infections.
HVAC systems provide dilution ventilation, particle
filtration and relative pressurization control, as well as
thermo-hygrometric control. The HVAC system's share
of hospital energy use is higher than in office or residential buildings. Therefore, using analysis tools that may
improve the design of HVAC systems for surgery centers
is an attractive technique to achieve rational solutions
for infection control and energy use.
The objective of this article is to show the applicability
of coupled CFD-multizone software on relative pressurization and ventilation strategy studies for a surgery
center design. CONTAM, a public domain multizone IAQ
and ventilation analysis software developed by NIST,
and its computational fluid dynamics (CFD) module
were used in this study to assess the performance of
several design solutions for a surgery center. The main
goal of this application-oriented article is to demonstrate that the software simulations reproduce the basic
performance of the well-known techniques relating to
room pressurization and ventilation strategies.
Methods
General Description of the Surgery Center and Multizone Software Model
The basic design of a surgery center was analyzed
using the coupled CFD-multizone software (CONTAM
software, plus its CFD module). The surgery center has
four operation rooms (OR), locker rooms and access
corridors, as well as decontamination and sterilization
rooms. Figure 1 shows the basic layout (Figure 1a) and
multizone software model (Figure 1b). The design criteria
Bruno Perazzo Pedroso Barbosa, Ph.D., is a mechanical engineer at the Department of Architecture and Engineering in a Brazilian federal research and health-care institute
(FIOCRUZ), and Nisio de Carvalho Lobo Brum, Ph.D., is an associate professor at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil.
12
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ASHRAE Journal - May 2020
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal - May 2020
Contents
ASHRAE Journal - May 2020 - Intro
ASHRAE Journal - May 2020 - Cover1
ASHRAE Journal - May 2020 - Cover2
ASHRAE Journal - May 2020 - 1
ASHRAE Journal - May 2020 - Contents
ASHRAE Journal - May 2020 - 3
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ASHRAE Journal - May 2020 - Cover3
ASHRAE Journal - May 2020 - Cover4
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