H2Tech Market Data 2023 - 36

either a focus on green H2
, blue H2 or both), scale (from
limited targets to ambitious goals) and tools used. Governments
are employing a variety of tools, such as carbon
contracts for difference (CCfD), auctions, mandates, quotas,
H2
.
ambitions
TABLE 1. The status of national strategy announcements by region (as of March 2022)
requirements, investment credits or benefits and
de-risking mechanisms, to encourage demand, interest
and investment in the adoption of clean H2
Several other nations have announced H2
and are building their national strategies (TABLE 1) or still
assessing their positions. For example, Japan was one of
the earliest to announce its policy support for H2
and has
multiple projects underway for international trade, with
the first liquid H2
and first blue ammonia shipments delivered
to the island nation in 2020. Australia is also leading
efforts in the energy transition with ambitious cost targets
" H2
$1.50/kg H2
under 2, " while Chile has set a green H2 price target for
by 2030. The EU also has aggressive green H2
targets of 40 GW by 2030 supported by national targets
from France, Germany, Netherlands, Portugal and Spain of
6.5 GW, 5 GW, 3 GW and 4 GW, respectively. The fulfillment
of collective targets of a few of these nations would imply
an 80% growth in global electrolysis capacity per year.
The following is Australia's H2
policy focusing on electrolyzer
scale-up. Also, representative samples of announced
policies for H2
are listed in TABLE 2. For announced hydrogen
policies and official releases, refer to TABLE 3.
H2
policy for Australia. Australia's national H2
strategy
sets forth a vision for a clean, innovative, safe and competitive
H2
potential and considers future scenarios with
industry, with the aim of positioning the country as
a major player by 2030. The strategy explores Australia's
clean H2
growth possibilities. It also outlines an adaptive approach
that equips Australia to scale up quickly as the H2
market
grows. The strategy includes highlights from each Australian
state and territory and a set of nationally coordinated
actions involving governments, industry and the community.
Australia has adopted eight international standards to
shape its H2
future. It plans to use H2
as a clean fuel to
enhance energy security and build upon its capability as
an energy exporter. The rules set forth in this strategy have
the potential to not only support the safety of users-with
EU
EU
India
Portugal
Quota
Quota
Quota
Quota
Central and
South America
Middle East
North America
Region
Africa
Asia-Pacific
Europe
Strategies published
Morocco (2021)
South Africa (2022)
Japan (2017)
Australia and South Korea (2019)
EU, France, Germany, Netherlands,
Norway, Portugal, Spain (2020),
Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, UK (2021)
Chile (2020)
Colombia (2021)
-
Canada (2020)
Strategies in preparation
Egypt
Hong Kong (China), India, New
Zealand, Singapore, Uzbekistan
Austria, Croatia, Estonia, Italy,
Lithuania, Romania, Russian
Federation, Serbia, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine
Brazil, Costa Rica, Panama,
Paraguay, Uruguay
U.S.
Countries with initial discussions
and pilot projects
Algeria, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Mali,
Mauritania, Namibia, Nigeria, Tunisia
Bangladesh, China, Malaysia, Maldives,
Mongolia, Thailand, Vietnam
Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria,
Finland, Georgia, Greece, Iceland,
Ireland, Kazakhstan, Latvia,
Luxembourg, Malta, Slovenia
Argentina, Bolivia, Peru,
Trinidad and Tobago
Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates Bahrain, Israel, Kuwait
Mexico
Jurisdiction
TABLE 2. Examples of announced strategies/policies to stimulate the H2
Type of policy
Description
U.S. State of California
China
Germany
Germany
Norway
Switzerland
Mandate
Financial reward
CCfD
Auction
Public procurement
requirement
Tax
An executive order mandates all vehicles sold in the state to be zero emissions by 2035
Fuel cell pilot program rewards clusters of cities that deploy > 1,000 fuel cell electric
vehicles (FCEVs) meeting certain technical standards, achieve a maximum delivered
H2
price of CNY 35/kg ($5/kg) and establish at least 15 operational H2
Germany's national H2 strategy proposes a CCfD pilot program for the steel and
chemical industries. It will pay the difference between a project's CO2
and the CO2 price in the EU ETS
H2 global program tenders 10-yr purchase agreements on H2
investor certainty on project bankability
-fueled
refueling stations
abatement costs
-based products providing
Norway's government has announced that the largest ferry connection in the country
will be H2
This directive levies fees on trucks weighing more than 3.5 t, but the fees are waived
for battery and FCEVs
The ReFuel Aviation Initiative proposes increasing the blending quota for synthetic
aviation fuels from 0.7% in 2030 to 28% in 2050
As part of Fit for 55, the EU proposes a renewable energy directive modification
to mandate 50% renewable H2
consumption in industry by 2030
From 2023/24, 10% refinery H2
and 5% of H2
demand (increasing to 25% in the following 5 yr)
demand for fertilizer production (increasing to 20% in the next 5 yr)
should be met with renewable H2
The country's national H2 strategy targets blending 10%-15% of H2
in natural gas by 2030
industry
36
MARKET DATA 2023 | H2
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H2
POLICIES
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H2Tech Market Data 2023

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