H2Tech - Q1 2022 - 39

GREEN HYDROGEN PRODUCTION
critical, as some materials are susceptible
to H2
embrittlement (depending on the
operating envelope).
Mitigation safeguards included careful
positioning of fire and gas detection.
Upon release of H2
inventory, the gas rises
cloud. Areas
rapidly, so typical placement of detectors
would not identify the H2
where H2
gas could accumulate-especially
inside the electrolyzer building-
were identified, and fiber optic cables that
pick up vibrations were used around the
HP H2
storage for leak detection.
For fire detection, ultraviolet flame
detection was used, as imaging-based
flame detectors were unsuitable due to
the invisible nature of the flames. In the
event of an ignited H2
H2 would be isolated and the fire allowed
vents
focused on ensuring adequate vent location.
The O2
vent from the electrolyzers
is extremely low pressure, and typical
dispersion models used in software
packages-such as proprietary consequence
modeling packagea
-are not valto
burn out.
Prevention measures for the O2
leak, the source of
id within this operating envelope. Further
work is required to ensure the vent
location is adequate, either by increasing
the exit velocity to ensure dispersion, or
by using computational fluid dynamic
modeling to demonstrate adequate dispersion.
Deployment
of green H2
. Presently,
. Blue H2
green H2 costs average between two to
three times the cost of blue H2
is produced by reforming natural gas,
along with capture and sequestration of
the CO2
emissions. Green H2 production
costs are primarily influenced by
the cost of renewable energy used and
the costs of the electrolysis unit (and to
a lesser degree, its utilization factor). In
a recent report sponsored by the Hydrogen
Council,2
the cost of green H2
McKinsey predicted that
production will fall
by 50%-60% over the next decade due to
the declining costs of renewable electricity,
the scaling up of electrolyzer manufacturing,
and the proliferation of green
H2
production and distribution due to
favorable government policies.
In an earlier analysis, Wood McKenalso
identified 2030 as the year when
green H2, produced primarily by solar
renewable H2
. According to the consultancy,
could reach parity in Auszie3
electrolysis,
would reach cost parity with
blue H2
tralia, Germany and Japan by 2030, based
on $30/MWh renewable power cost and
a 50% utilization factor of the electrolysis
units. The International Energy Agency
(IEA) identified similar drivers behind
falling costs but was more conservative
in its forecast. Its earlier analysis showed
that the cost of producing H2
from renewable
energy could fall 30% by 2030.4
The cost of H2
production varies significantly
across geographical regions, depending
on the availability of renewable
energy. Regions with complementary
profiles of solar irradiance and wind can
produce green H2
at the most competitive
prices, as highlighted in FIG. 9. Australia,
due to its solar and wind profile, is
among the countries identified as most
favorably placed to contribute to the deployment
of green H2
production. This
project is located in the coastal region of
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