H2Tech - Q1 2022 - 7

TECHNOLOGY SPOTLIGHT
longstanding expertise and marketleading
position in syngas generation
technology can play a crucial role in
providing solutions that enable the
production of sustainable drop-in fuels
that are deployable immediately.
H2 LOGISTICS
EUROPIPE's epoxy coated
pipes are ready for H2
As part of EUROPIPE's H2
transport
research
program, the company recently tested
different flow coatings in pure H2
to
evaluate their suitability for use in H2
transport. Suitability tests conducted
by the Salzgitter Mannesmann Research
Company (SZMF) have confirmed that
EUROPIPE's pipes internally coated with
epoxy-based flow coatings are capable
to be used for H2
pipelines in a 100 bar
pure H2 atmosphere.
The investigated test specimens
originated from pipes internally lined at
Mülheim Pipecoatings (MPC) with epoxybased
flow coat materials TEKNOPOX
3296-06 (82 vol% solid content) and
TEKNOPOX 3297-00 (97 vol% solid
content) supplied by TEKNOS. The flow
coating thickness of all specimens were
between 61 µm and 120 µm.
According to EUROPIPE, the testing
protocol followed API RP 5L2 for the
resistance to gas blistering and EN
10301/ISO 15741 for the resistance to
gas pressure variations (cyclic testing)
and hydraulic-pressure blistering.
These standards are commonly used
for qualification testing of internal
coatings for non-corrosive gases. The
" blistering tests " are usually performed
with nitrogen as pressurizing gas to
simulate the effect of spontaneous
pressure drops on the internal coating.
For the performed tests, H2
as a pressurizing gas to investigate
how or whether H2
variations in a liquid environment (water
saturated with CaCO3) was investigated.
After all tests, the surface of the
specimens were examined and the
adhesion of the flow coating was
determined according to ISO 2409
(crosscut test). The formation of blisters
were not observed, and the delamination
parameter were determined as " 0 " for
all specimens, confirming an excellent
adhesion of the internal coating after
the performed tests, ensuring that the
company's pipes, with internal coating
applied by MPC, are suitable for future
H2
pipelines.
HISELCT® project powered by
Evonik membranes to separate
H2
from natural gas streams
feedstock, as a source of heat and power,
or as a transportation fuel.
The HISELECT demonstration in
Dormagen establishes the essential
technology for transporting H2
via
natural gas pipelines in a real-life
setting. It shows a way to leverage
existing infrastructure, while avoiding
the high costs and the long process
involved in building a dedicated H2
pipeline infrastructure.
TURBOMACHINERY
RWE and Kawasaki to build
one of the world's first 100%
H2
-capable gas turbines
RWE, as part of its Growing Green
strategy, announced adding at least 2
GW of gas-fired power plant capacity
to support the energy transition with
flexible power. These new plants will be
provided with a clear decarbonization
pathway. For existing plants, RWE is
developing a roadmap to convert them
for clean operations.
Together with Kawasaki Heavy
Industries, RWE is planning to build
a H2
Linde Engineering has officially
started up the world's first full-scale
pilot plant in Dormagen, Germany to
showcase how H2
can be separated
from natural gas streams using Linde's
HISELECT powered by Evonik
membrane technology.
The process is a key enabler for
scenarios in which H2
is blended
with natural gas and transported via
natural gas pipelines. The blended gas
could consist of between 5%-60% H2
.
was utilized
, having the smallest
molecular diameter, would influence the
resistance of the coating to spontaneous
pressure drops. Missing resistance
can lead to blistering, delamination or
reduced adhesion of the internal coating.
The specimens were placed in an
autoclave and pressurized with H2
to
100 bar. For the testing according to
API RP 5L2, the pressure was released
after 24 hr in less than 5 sec, to simulate
a very rapid pressure drop.
In comparison with the API RP 5L2, the
testing method according to EN 10301/
ISO 15741 exhibited 10 cycles of pressure
variations. Moreover, the behavior of the
flow coatings when subjected to pressure
Membranes are then used to extract H2
from these natural gas streams at the
point of consumption. The resulting H2
has a concentration level of up to 90%.
When further processed with Linde
Engineering's pressure swing adsorption
(PSA) technology, a purity of up to
99.9999% can be achieved.
Membrane technologies are
vital to efforts around the globe for
establishing H2
infrastructure. In Europe,
11 transmission system operators are
working on creating the European
Hydrogen Backbone. Their aim is to build
and expand a functional H2
network,
based largely on repurposed existing
natural gas infrastructure. Membrane
technology like HISELECT could be
integral for efficiently transporting
H2
Germany. It will be used to test the
conversion of H2
-powered gas turbine in Lingen,
back into electricity
at RWE's Emsland gas-fired power
plant. The project is one of the first to
use a gas turbine to convert 100% H2
into electricity on an industrial scale.
The 34-MW plant could become
operational in mid-2024.
Kawasaki's gas turbine provides
maximum fuel flexibility-it can
operate with 100% H2
, 100% natural
gas or any combination of both. This is
indispensable because the amount of
green gas available for reconversion will
fluctuate frequently during the ramp-up
of the H2
economy before continuous
operation with it will be possible.
During the pilot project, the turbine
is planned to be tested across varying
operating load ranges, between 30%
and 100%. This corresponds to typical
load curves of gas turbines that can
be expected in a power grid with an
increasing share of renewable energies,
which are subject to fluctuations due to
weather conditions.
During the project, it is planned to use
to end users for use as an industry
two combustion systems developed by
Kawasaki. Both have already been tested
in 1 MW variants in a demonstration
project in Kobe, Japan. In Lingen, these
technology principles will be scaled up
to industrial scale for the first time.
H2Tech | Q1 2022 7
H2Tech - Q1 2022

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