H2Tech - Q3 2021 - 28

SPECIAL FOCUS HYDROGEN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
The H2
cycle. The complete cycle of H2
-including feedstock,
production route, transformation, transport, storage and use-
is depicted in FIG. 3.
100
200
300
400
500
2019
2030
2040
2050
2060
FIG. 1. Global H2 demand, 2020-2050 (estimated), MMtpy.4
10
15
20
25
30
5
2020
Ammonia (fossil)
Refining (green)
2030
Methanol (fossil)
Methanol (green)
2040
Refining (fossil)
Steel (green)
2050
Ammonia (green)
Transport
FIG. 2. H2 demand in India, 2020-2050 (estimated), MMtpy.5,6
Power
2070
Ammonia production
Synfuel production
Industry
Buildings
Transport
Power
Refining
H2 has a tremendous role to play, not only in the transport
sector but also in the decarbonization of other sectors like steel,
cement, fertilizer, power, methanol derivatives, heating and
many more. Greater use of H2
areas including steel, cement, chemicals, long-haul road transport,
marine industry and aviation.
* Iron and steel: Steel is the main driver for H2
, where it
replaces coal for use as a reducing agent. The technology
is still at pilot scale and moving toward commercial scale.
* Cement: The cement industry is responsible for 7% of
global CO2
emissions. Cement kilns mainly use fossil
fuels like coal. The effective use of H2
cement into " green " cement.
* Power/grid stabilization: H2
Power
Transport
will convert " gray "
* Heat: H2 can be used for heating homes in the same
manner as natural gas, both in pure form and in
natural gas blends.
can be used for energy
stores
storage and flexible power generation to overcome the
intermittent availability of renewable energy. H2
the renewable energy during times of peak demand,
and this energy is used when renewable energy is not
available. The overall process efficiency is 20%-35%,
but it enhances the applicability of renewable energy
through around-the-clock supply.
Industry
* Transportation: The fastest-growing use of H2
transportation sector. H2 is used in its pure form in fuel
is in the
cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) as a fuel for transportation.
Every country is focusing on different production routes
and different forms of H2
in the transportation sector-
e.g., California in the western U.S. is focusing on FCEVs,
while Germany is focusing on converting natural gas
infrastructure to H2
.
* Fertilizer: H2, along with nitrogen separated from
atmospheric air, is converted into " green " ammonia
is foreseen in hard-to-electrify
FIG. 3. The complete cycle of H2
28 Q3 2021 | H2-Tech.com
production.
H2 demand, MMt
http://www.H2-Tech.com
H2Tech - Q3 2021

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of H2Tech - Q3 2021
