H2Tech - Q4 2022 - 30

POWER AND UTILITIES
An important goal of these pilot tests
is to learn how the gas turbines and reciprocating
engines react to changes in
fuel composition or incomplete mixing.
For example, while it is understood that
the introduction of H2
to a natural gas
fuel stream changes combustion dynamics,
less is known about how the equipment
will respond to an imperfect mix
of H2
and natural gas. These projects are
expected to assess the equipment's tolerance
for these changes, as well as for various
H2
and natural gas concentrations.
H2 blending pilot tests can impact
other plant operations. H2
may also
impact the operation of utilities, equipment
and other systems in an existing
plant. A balance of plant evaluation is
necessary to determine H2
blending tieins,
as well as any changes needed to piping,
control systems, electrical infrastructure
or safety systems, such as fire and
gas detection. Impacts to other operating
units at the site should also be considered
when adjusting emissions controls for
the tested unit(s).
Permanent conversion and permit
reevaluation raise new questions.
Utilities considering permanent H2
installations
may face other unknowns. Permitting
agencies' reactions to pilot tests and
future installations are uncertain since
there is almost no precedent for them to
follow. On one hand, the blended fuel will
enable plants to lower CO2
emissions. On
the other hand, permits were issued based
on the use of the original, unblended fuel.
Depending on where and how the pilot
connects to the plant, operations may be
affected in other ways, as well. For example,
when working in a plant with multiple
engines or turbines, it is preferable to isolate
the H2
test to one unit while the other
units are in an outage for the test duration.
A pilot test that ties into the common fuel
gas header may have a greater impact on
overall plant operations than one tied directly
into the unit being tested. The time
and complexity needed to set up for the
pilot test and restore the system after its
completion must also be accounted for
during the plan's development.
The main unanswered question is:
Will permitting agencies allow blended
fuels under existing permits, or will permit
modifications be allowed? Now is the time
to begin conversations with permitting
agencies on the ramifications of potential
permit changes related to H2
blending.
Takeaway. The source of H2
, storage location
and tie-in locations-while keeping
safety first and foremost-are major
factors that will be crucial to the successful
completion of the pilot testing protocol.
The goal for each test may be different
for every facility. Some may be interested
in understanding H2
sions. Regardless of the test objective, a
H2
's impact on equipment
performance, while others may be
curious to learn how the presence of H2
impacts CO2
and nitrogen oxides emisblending
pilot can provide insights
into the potential challenges that must be
overcome and the changes that must be
made to current operations. Successfully
navigating these challenges will set the
stage for future, H2
-based power generation
innovations.
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30 Q4 2022 | H2
-Tech.com
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H2Tech - Q4 2022

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