HP March 2022 eBook—Energy Transition - 10

Special Focus Digital Transformation
S. SINGH, ABB, Oslo, Norway
Smart manufacturing standardization: Driving global
interoperability for enabling factories of the future
Smart manufacturing is a topic that has
generated considerable discussions within
industry and standards organizations.
Starting off as a slick marketing term, the
full impact of a manufacturing ecosystem
that is enabled by information at each
point in the product and production life
cycle is compelling and encompassing.
Smart manufacturing is a concept used
to describe the application of different
combinations of modern technologies to
create a hyper-flexible, self-adapting manufacturing
capability. It is an opportunity
to create new forms of efficiency and flexibility
by connecting different processes,
information streams and stakeholders in a
streamlined fashion.
The U.S. National Institute of Standards
and Technology (NIST) defines
smart manufacturing as " fully integrated,
collaborative manufacturing systems that
respond in real time to meet changing
demands and conditions in the factory,
in the supply network, and in customer
needs. " The Smart Manufacturing Leadership
Coalition defines smart manufacturing
as " the ability to solve existing and
future problems via an open infrastructure
that allows solutions to be implemented
at the speed of business while creating advantaged
value. " The IEC and ISO jointly
defined smart manufacturing as " manufacturing
that improves its performance
aspects with integrated and intelligent
use of processes and resources in cyber,
physical and human spheres to create and
deliver products and services, which also
collaborates with other domains within an
enterprise's value chains. "
In simple terms, smart manufacturing
entails orchestrating physical and digital
processes within factories and across other
supply chain functions to optimize current
and future supply and demand requirements.
This is accomplished by transforming
and improving ways in which people,
processes and technologies operate to
deliver the critical information needed to
impact decision quality, efficiency, cost
and agility. In turn, smart manufacturing is
a corner-stone of digital supply chains and
of Industry 4.0 strategies and programs.
The industrial policy initiatives of
many nations (FIG. 1) are aggressively focused
on the manufacturing sector. Digitization
of manufacturing is important,
and concentrated efforts are being made
to develop and promote robust and localized
manufacturing capabilities. Several
nations anticipate that long-term benefits
will be recognized beyond the manufacturing
industry and diffused into other
economic sectors. In turn, manufacturers
are making significant changes to their
strategies, advantageously leveraging
these initiatives and improving local market
competitiveness. The heritage of the
various initiatives in FIG. 1 might appear
different, but their initial designs and core
concepts have minimal differences. Several
ideas and concepts are often borrowed
from one another to be unique, and differentiation
is created through the following:
* Promoting innovative models
and setups through advanced
technologies; these objectives are
anchored by increasing integration,
digitalization and new techniques
for automating production
* Sponsoring incubation and
co-development by combining
industry, technology and service
providers and original equipment
manufacturers (OEMs) with
academic and government
organizations
* Developing and co-innovating
new industry standards by way of
exchange of experiences and access
to testbeds and reference platforms.
Standards
landscape. Standards are
fundamental for enabling smart manufacturing.
Different standards contribute in
different ways to enabling the capabilities
of smart manufacturing systems. FIG. 2 illustrates
three dimensions of smart manufacturing,
along with relevant standards.
Each dimension-product (green), production
system (blue) and business (orange)-is
shown within its own lifecycle.
FIG. 1. Global smart manufacturing initiatives.
Hydrocarbon Processing | FEBRUARY 2021 | HydrocarbonProcessing.com
http://www.HydrocarbonProcessing.com
HP March 2022 eBook—Energy Transition

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