HP March 2022 eBook—Energy Transition - 28

Process Optimization
LITERATURE CITED
1
Van Beurden, B., " A net zero emissions energy business, "
Shell, April 16, 2020, Online: https://www.
shell.com/media/speeches-and-articles/2020/a-netzero-emissions-energy-business.html
2
3
European
Commission, " A hydrogen strategy for a climate-neutral
Europe, " July 7, 2020, Brussels, Belgium.
Press and Information Office of the German Federal
Government, " German government adopts hydrogen
strategy, " June 10, 2020, Online: https://www.
bundesregierung.de/breg-en/news/wasserstoffstrategie-kabinett-1758982
4
5
International
Energy Agency, " The future of hydrogen, "
June 2019.
Hydrogen Council, " Hydrogen scaling up: A sustainable
pathway for the global energy transition, "
November 13, 2017, Online: https://hydrogencouncil.
com/en/study-hydrogen-scaling-up/
6 International Energy Agency,
Online:
7
FIG. 6. The advantages of integrating the proprietary blue H2
with Shell as the master licensor.
TABLE 1. Modeling parameters
Pure H2 production, tpd*
Natural gas cost, $/t equivalent
Demineralized water, $/t equivalent
Power import, $/MWh
H2 discharge pressure, bara
CO2 discharge pressure, bara
Plant availability, %
500
396
8.4
86
72
150
95
*Excluding inerts, methane, CO2 and CO, which will also be present, depending on the final purification step.
Solvent, triethylene glycol and catalyst costs are estimated.
have been built worldwide. For example,
the Pearl gas-to-liquids (GTL) plant in
Qatar has 18 trains, each with an equivalent
pure H2
production capacity of 500
tpd. Pearl GTL has been operating since
2011. The product is defined as pure
H2
inerts, methane, CO2
production-i.e., not including any
or CO, which will
also be present, depending on the final
purification step.
Since 1997, the Pernis refinery in
the Netherlands has been operating a
1-MMtpy carbon-capture program using
the technology. The CO2
greenhouses. The CO2
is used in local
stream is an essential
part of the Pernis CCS project.
No matter how cost-effective the H2
production and carbon-capture technologies,
without sequestering the CO2
directly
or through enhanced oil recovery, the H2
remains gray. Many CCUS projects are in
operation at various stages throughout the
world. For example, since 2015, the Shell
Quest facility in Canada has captured and
stored more than 5 MMt of CO2
.
Key takeaways. H2 will be part of the
future energy mix, and several mature
technologies are available for producing
cost-effective, low-carbon blue H2
. For
greenfield applications, SMR is an inefficient
method of producing blue H2
to poor CO2 recovery and scalability; O2
based systems offer better value (an independently
backed conclusion).
The proprietary blue H2
which integrates proprietary gas POXb
solventc
processa
and
,
technologies, offers key advantag,
a 20% lower CAPEX,
captured and
es over ATR, including a 10%-25% lower
levelized cost of H2
a 35% lower OPEX (excluding natural gas
feedstock price), > 99% CO2
overall process simplicity. The process,
which is now available to third-party refiners,
is proven at the 500-tpd scale.
NOTES
a Shell Blue Hydrogen Process (SBHP)
b Shell gas partial oxidation process (SGP)
c Shell CANSOLV CO2
Capture System
(CANSOLV is a Shell trademark)
d Shell ADIP ULTRA solvent technology
owing
-
14
13
12
process with other technologies,
8
https://www.iea.org/fuels-and-technologies/hydrogen
EU
Science Hub, 2018, Online: https://ec.europa.
eu/jrc/en
Adolf, J. et. al, " Shell hydrogen study: Energy of the
future? Sustainable mobility through fuel cells and
hydrogen, " January 2017.
9
Europa, Eurostat, " Electricity production, consumption
and market overview (based on 2018 data), " June
2020, Online: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Electricity_production,_
consumption_and_market_overview#Electricity_
generation
10
U.S. Energy Information Administration,
" Table
8.1: Average operating heat rate for selected energy
sources, " (Assuming a heat rate of 7,800 Btu/kWh for
natural gas power plants), Online: https://www.eia.
gov/electricity/annual/html/epa_08_01.html
11
Pöyry Management Consulting, " Hydrogen from
natural gas-The key to deep decarbonisation, "
July 2019, Online: https://www.poyry.com/sites/
default/files/zukunft_erdgas_key_to_deep_decarbonisation_0.pdf
European
Zero Emission Technology and Innovation
Platform, " Commercial scale feasibility of clean
hydrogen, " April 25, 2017, Online: https://zeroemissionsplatform.eu/wp-content/uploads/ZEPCommercial-Scale-Feasibility-of-Clean-Hydrogenreport-25-April-2017-FINAL.pdf
International
Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA),
" Hydrogen from renewable power: Technology outlook
for the energy transition, " September 2018,
Online: https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/
IRENA/Agency/Publication/2018/Sep/IRENA_
Hydrogen_from_renewable_power_2018.pdf
IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme (IEAGHG),
" Reference data and supporting literature reviews
for SMR based hydrogen production with CCS, "
IEAGHG Technical Review 2017-TR3, 2017, Online:
https://ieaghg.org/publications/technical-reports/
reports-list/10-technical-reviews/778-2017-tr3reference-data-supporting-literature-reviews-for-smrbased-hydrogen-production-with-ccs
NAN
LIU is the Licensing Technology Manager
for Gasification at Shell Catalysts & Technologies.
She has fulfilled roles throughout the project
lifecycle, from initial feasibility and front-end
development to project execution and plant
operations, on major capital projects around the
globe. These projects include the startup of the
gasification unit at the Fujian refinery and ethylene
project in China, as well as performance optimization
at the gasification and hydrogen plant at Shell's
Pernis refinery in the Netherlands. Ms. Liu has a
strong commercial mindset and is a keen advocate
of gasification as a value-adding investment.
Hydrocarbon Processing | JUNE 2021 | HydrocarbonProcessing.com
" Hydrogen, " 2021,

http://www.shell.com/media/speeches-and-articles/2020/a-net-zero-emissions-energy-business.html http://www.shell.com/media/speeches-and-articles/2020/a-net-zero-emissions-energy-business.html http://www.shell.com/media/speeches-and-articles/2020/a-net-zero-emissions-energy-business.html http://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/news/wasserstoffstrategie-kabinett-178982 http://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/news/wasserstoffstrategie-kabinett-178982 http://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/news/wasserstoffstrategie-kabinett-178982 https://hydrogencouncil.com/en/study-hydrogen-scaling-up/ https://hydrogencouncil.com/en/study-hydrogen-scaling-up/ https://www.iea.org/fuels-and-technologies/hydrogen https://www.iea.org/fuels-and-technologies/hydrogen https://www.ec.europa.eu/jrc/en https://www.ec.europa.eu/jrc/en https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Electricity_production_consumption_and_market_overview#Electricity_generation https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Electricity_production_consumption_and_market_overview#Electricity_generation https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Electricity_production_consumption_and_market_overview#Electricity_generation https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Electricity_production_consumption_and_market_overview#Electricity_generation https://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/html/epa_08_01.html https://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/html/epa_08_01.html https://www.poyry.com/sites/default/files/zukunft_erdgas_key_to_deep_decarbonisation_0.pdf https://www.poyry.com/sites/default/files/zukunft_erdgas_key_to_deep_decarbonisation_0.pdf https://www.poyry.com/sites/default/files/zukunft_erdgas_key_to_deep_decarbonisation_0.pdf https://zeroemissionsplatform.eu/wp-content/uploads/ZEP-Commercial-Scale-Feasibility-of-Clean-Hydrogenreport-25-April-2017-FINAL.pdf https://zeroemissionsplatform.eu/wp-content/uploads/ZEP-Commercial-Scale-Feasibility-of-Clean-Hydrogenreport-25-April-2017-FINAL.pdf https://zeroemissionsplatform.eu/wp-content/uploads/ZEP-Commercial-Scale-Feasibility-of-Clean-Hydrogenreport-25-April-2017-FINAL.pdf https://zeroemissionsplatform.eu/wp-content/uploads/ZEP-Commercial-Scale-Feasibility-of-Clean-Hydrogenreport-25-April-2017-FINAL.pdf https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2018/Sep/IRENA_Hydrogen_from_renewable_power_2018.pdf https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2018/Sep/IRENA_Hydrogen_from_renewable_power_2018.pdf https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2018/Sep/IRENA_Hydrogen_from_renewable_power_2018.pdf https://www.ieaghg.org/publications/technical-reports/reports-list/10-technical-reviews/778-2017-tr3-reference-data-supporting-literature-reviews-for-smrbased-hydrogen-production-with-ccs https://www.ieaghg.org/publications/technical-reports/reports-list/10-technical-reviews/778-2017-tr3-reference-data-supporting-literature-reviews-for-smrbased-hydrogen-production-with-ccs https://www.ieaghg.org/publications/technical-reports/reports-list/10-technical-reviews/778-2017-tr3-reference-data-supporting-literature-reviews-for-smrbased-hydrogen-production-with-ccs https://www.ieaghg.org/publications/technical-reports/reports-list/10-technical-reviews/778-2017-tr3-reference-data-supporting-literature-reviews-for-smrbased-hydrogen-production-with-ccs http://www.HydrocarbonProcessing.com

HP March 2022 eBook—Energy Transition

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of HP March 2022 eBook—Energy Transition