Hydrocarbon Processing - June 2021 - 63

Sustainability
* Higher adsorption capacity (3.2 mmol/g)
* Multi-cycle stability
* Lower regeneration temperature (120°C-130°C)
* Stability with flue gas impurities (SOx
CO3
+ 1.5H2O r K2
CO3
. 1.5H2
O
, NOx, O2, etc.)
* Minimal reliability issues.
The hydrated sorbent process follows carbonate-bicarbonate
chemistry according to the following reaction schemes:
Pre-treatment: K2
ΔH = -40 kJ/mol
CO3
Adsorption: K2
ΔH = 40 kJ/mol
Full regeneration: 2KHCO3
ΔH = 141 kJ/mol
} K2CO3
+ CO2
+ H2
O
The supported alkali carbonate sorbents in the presence of
H2O form hydrated species, which in turn can capture CO2
to
form bicarbonate species at temperatures 70°C-90°C. By performing
a moderate temperature swing of 120°C-130°C, the
bicarbonate decomposes and releases a CO2
/H2
can be converted into a " sequestration-ready " CO2
steam condensation.
Unlike amine-based absorption, there is no heat demand for
vaporization of water or corrosion/solvent degradation issues.
The important feature of the proprietary process is the ability
of the sorbent to adsorb at higher temperatures of 70°C-90°C,
O mixture that
stream by
. 1.5H2O + CO2
ΔH = -101 kJ/mol
Partial regeneration: 2KHCO3
K2CO3
. 1.5H2O + CO2
+ 0.5H2O }
} 2KHCO3
+ 0.5H2
O
and regenerate at 120°C-130°C; therefore, the temperature
difference between adsorption and regeneration is only 40°C-
50°C, which is suitably utilized for the heat pump to further
minimize heat demand.
The lower temperature differential between adsorption and
regeneration is helpful in an effective temperature approach for
heating and cooling of adsorbent in addition to its thermal stability.
The proprietary hydrated sorbent process can be used for:
* Natural gas-fired power plant flue gas with nominal
make-up quantity (0.5 kg/metric t of CO2
)
* Coal-fired power plant flue gas incorporating wet FGD
(for SOx
levels < 20 ppm).
Conversely, NOx
tolerance for the proprietary sorbenta
is expected
to be much better than amine systems due to its inertness
towards NOx
. It is important to note that there is no concern
for oxygen presence in the flue gas for this technology, unlike a
conventional amine system.
The innovations in sorbent and process were instrumental in
achieving minimum OPEX in the HSC process. The overall heat
demand in the HSC process is significantly lowered by partial
regeneration of sorbent in accordance with hydration chemistry,
as discussed here. As a result, a significant reduction is seen in regeneration
heat demand from 141 kJ/mol CO2
(non-hydrated)
to 70 kJ/mol CO2 (hydrated). In addition to no heat loss due to
capture vs. a
water evaporation in the solid sorbent, this results in an overall
60%-70% lower energy demand per ton of CO2
conventional amine process for rich and lean concentrations of
LIVE WEBCAST
Wednesday, June 30, 2021 | 9 a.m. CDT / 4 p.m. CEST
Dr. Robert Socolow
Carbon Mitigation Expert
Princeton University
How Are Your Industry Competitors Navigating
the Energy Transition?
With an increased focus on climate change and energy transition, companies are pivoting to
more sustainable operations raising questions such as:
* What are the top drivers infl uencing actions to reduce CO2
?
* Which metrics are being used to monitor sustainability?
* Will your CO2
Ron Beck
Energy Industry Director
Aspen Technology, Inc.
reduction strategy provide a competitive advantage?
* Which technologies are you investing in to address greenhouse gas emissions?
These are just a few of the questions that we asked in an online survey to better understand
the strategies and actions industry leaders are taking to meet their sustainability goals. Early
results show that half of the companies surveyed believe that investing in sustainability-and the
technology that supports it- will provide them with new business opportunities.
Please join Lee Nichols, Editor in Chief of Hydrocarbon Processing, as he hosts a lively discussion
with Dr. Robert Socolow, Carbon Mitigation Expert, Princeton University, and Ron Beck, Energy
Industry Director, AspenTech. Together, they'll discuss the research fi ndings and provide their
own unique insights.
Lee Nichols
Editor-in-Chief/Associate Publisher
Hydrocarbon Processing
Register for Free:
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Hydrocarbon Processing | JUNE 2021 63

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Hydrocarbon Processing - June 2021

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