Hydrocarbon Processing - January 2022 - 59

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This discussion covered the application of steam turbinedriven
generators for refinery operations in such a way that the
steam is given superheat in the boilers, put through the turbine,
where power is skimmed from it, and the steam is reduced in
pressure, then passed out into the header, supplying stills with
naked steam for distillation purposes.
Refining without shutdown for rerun
G. W. Reid, September 1924
From a study of approximately 40 refining plants, it is evident
that progress is being made toward the accomplishment of
taking care of rerun distillates without shutting down the plant
during crude oil runs. Circulating distillates through towers prevents
the accumulation of stocks and increases recovery.
Gasoline being extracted from shale
October 1924
M. J. Trumble has perfected a process for extracting oil and
gasoline from shale in an experimental plant located at Alhambra,
California (U.S.). The process is cyclic in character; that
is, instead of producing the oil from shale in one operation and
then distilling the crude oil into gasoline and other products in
a second operation, the gasoline is produced from the oil shale
through one continuous operation in which the crude oil occupies
only an intermediate stage.
Boiler efficiency essential to refining
H. Pennington, November 1924
Temperature regulation for towers
W. C. Begeebing, November 1924
It has only been in the last few years that efficient fractionating
towers and reflex condensers have come into general use. Tower
construction has been greatly improved and with it has come the
widespread adoption of automatic temperature control.
Many methods used in treating operation
C. K. Francis, March 1925
As the demand for higher quality product increases, more
knowledge of various systems is being sought. This paper reviewed
new methods to increase product purity from the refining process.
Review, comparison of fractionating towers
W. A. Peters, March 1925
This article detailed how the flexibility of a bubble tower can
produce the desired product in only one run.
Essentials of plant lubrication
C. A. Fitz-Gerrell, May 1925
The correct type of oil is one that supplies fluidity in the delivery
of the maximum of power in an even, steady flow through
the stress of all operating conditions. Vital points to consider are
maximum load and operating temperatures.
Accounting system for a refinery with a cracking system
R. J. Omo, July 1925
It was found that a cost system was necessary in operating a
plant. The system that is described in this article provides the
plant superintendent the cost of each step in the manufacturing
process, and whether that person was overstepping a predetermined
economic limit, and if so, why.
Fuel oil-Its uses and methods of analysis
August 1925
The use of oil fuel is now becoming general in all trades and
industries, the majority of which, were up until a few years ago,
entirely dependent on coal. This article detailed the uses of
fuel oil-especially in marine travel-and comparing various
specifications.
Oil a source of raw material for chemical industries
J. E. Meyer, October 1925
Prevention of evaporation losses from gasoline storage
R. E. Wilson, H. V. Atwell, E. P. Brown and G. W. Chenicek,
October 1925
The loss of gasoline from storage tanks with roofs tight enough
to keep out the wind is due almost entirely to the daily breathing
out of gasoline-saturated air as the temperature increases.
The future of gasoline
E. J. Ford, December 1925
This outlook provided insights on the next decade of gasoline
demand (up to the mid-1930s). The author believed gasoline
demand would continue to increase due to the rise in
automobile demand-a more convenient way of travel vs. railway-and
the increase in air travel. " Probably even more likely is
the possibility of larger planes or small dirigibles for interurban
transportation. No one will deny that the day of long-distance
air travel is fast approaching. "
Decreasing refinery evaporation losses of gasoline
L. Schmidt, March 1926
In 1925, gasoline losses through evaporation totaled approximately
6.3%. However, better equipment and process changes
have cut that loss in half. The improvement on various vaporsaving
equipment and knowledge will further reduce gasoline
losses from evaporation.
Contributing factors to corrosion,
with special reference to sulfur
C. K. Francis, March 1926
Sulfur can wreak havoc on a refinery's operation. No matter
how the sulfur was formed in feedstock material, methods must
be studied and devised to control and get rid of it.
Proper design and operation of heat exchangers
F. L. Kallum, M. E. Semino and A. F. Semino, April 1926
Production of heat is the costliest item in petroleum heating.
Once produced, the conservation of heat offers opportunity
for perhaps the greatest saving in the operation of a refinery or
natural gasoline plant. This is the primary reason for the development
of the heat exchanger in refining circles in the last 5 yr.
How to conserve steam in a refinery
H. S. Bell, May 1926
No matter how efficient a refiner's boiler house may be, they
must use the steam intelligently and without waste to reap full opHydrocarbon
Processing | JANUARY 2022 59
Hydrocarbon Processing - January 2022

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