Hydrocarbon Processing - March 2022 - 55

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This paper provides developments by which the original
fixed-bed Houdry process was adapted to produce basestock
for aviation gasoline. Among the developments were the manufacturing
of synthetic catalyst, production of isobutane and butylene
for alkylation and catalytic treating of primary basestock.
How will the 100-octane aviation gasoline program
affect post-war motor gasoline?
B. K. Brown and D. P. Barnard, December 1943
With the return of competition in cost, processes and raw
materials, the authors of this article are of the opinion that: " As
much as 100,000 barrels of 100-octane capacity will be shut
down or diverted to other uses because of excessive operating
costs and crude utilizations. "
Bombs fall on Ploesti
March 1944
" For the Ploesti mission, every plant in each element was
given a pinpoint and had to find it. There are no secondary targets. "
This quote-said Lieutenant B. O. Lisle during the annual
meeting of the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical
Engineers-summed up the bombing of refining centers in
Ploesti, Poland by Allied bombers. Refined fuels were crucial in
aiding the war effort on both sides. Without oil/fuels, military
operations could not be conducted.
Study of the effect of catalytic cracking
on the post-war supply of motor gasolines,
distillates and residual fuels
March 1944
Previous advances in refining technology have been slowly
adopted. Necessity for military-grade gasolines brought catalytic
cracking into refining without regard to other considerations.
With the end of fighting, catalytic cracking capacity,
the quality of its products, its ownership and its location will
suddenly become factors in what the industry has to sell.
Use of the mass spectrometer in the routine analysis
of refinery gas samples
J. G. Schaafsma, April 1944
This article provides a brief discussion on the theory and
operation of the mass spectrometer and its performance when
used to control and acid alkylation unit.
How to train plant personnel in fire prevention
and fire fighting
A. W. Trusty, May 1944
Refining personnel is changing rapidly and many new personnel
have never seen an oil fire. It is imperative that operators
be familiar with the cause and nature of fires, along with the
most efficient and quickest methods to combat them.
Influence of ozone on diesel engine performance
W. J. Armstrong and C. E. Thorp, June 1944
For several years, ozone has been suggested as an agent that
might be of value in obtaining improvement in the thermal efficiency
of internal-combustion engines. This paper describes
various experiments to determine the influence of ozone on
compression-ignition engine performance.
Chemicals from petroleum
H. D. Wilde, July 1944
The outstanding raw material used today for synthetic chemical
production, especially from a volume standpoint, is butylene.
Time-saving computing instruments
for spectroscopic analysis
T. D. Morgan and F. W. Crawford, September 1944
Chemical plants depend on rapid analytical methods as a
guide to keep the plant onstream. Successful applications of
spectroscopic methods to these analytical problems have shortened
the time interval from sampling to completion of an analysis,
saving a significant amount of workers' time.
Characteristics of the differential-type flowmeter
and conditions affecting its operation
L. K. Spink, November 1944
This work not only tells what to do and what to avoid in considering
flowmeter applications, but also cites the penalties in
terms of percent error if certain rules are not observed.
Plastics from petroleum
B. H. Weil, January 1945
This article provides a look at the many types of plastics that
are produced from petroleum oil. The article includes sections
on terminology, history, raw materials and processing routes to
produce plastics. From the article's introduction:
" Plastics today, are materials with which to conjure. Industrial
designers have depicted sleek plastic-bodied cars with
transparent plastic tops and windshields. Advertisements have
shown the home of the future as a dwelling built of plasticbonded
plywood, replete with plastic equipment from bathtub
to lighting. Newspaper accounts have dwelled upon the coming
age of plastics in which almost every article of commerce
will have plastics used in them. All this publicity has served to
focus the spotlight of attention upon materials and products
which, in appearance and use, have long been of interest and
utility to the public and industry alike. "
Fuels for high-speed diesel engines
V. A. Kalichevsky, April 1945
The original development of trucks and busses as an important
transportation factor was based on the use of gasoline
engines to supply motive power. This source of power has continued
predominantly because availability of gasoline has kept
pace with demand. However, a considerable amount of work
has been carried out, leading towards the development of diesel
engines on the basic presumption that they are less discriminating
with respect to fuels.
Super compressibility of natural gas upon compressor
performance
R. S. Ridgway, May 1945
There seems to be some tendency to ignore the effect of super
compressibility upon compressor performance and to assume
that discrepancies from this source can be neglected. It is
the aim of this paper to point out the dangers of such a practice,
to indicate the practical value of the proper treatment and to
present the methods of calculation which recognize this effect.
Hydrocarbon Processing | MARCH 2022 55
Hydrocarbon Processing - March 2022

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