Hydrocarbon Processing - May 2022 - 36

Biofuels, Alternative Fuels and Green Petrochemicals
when processing 100% VO
* Good reactor-to-reactor
repeatability for the gas
product yields
* Small but consistent effect of LHSV
on the gas yields.
FIG. 7 shows the carbon monoxide
(CO), carbon dioxide (CO2
(H2
O) yields:
* Increasing gas product yields as
the amount of VO increases
* Up to 3 wt% CO and 5
wt% CO2
processing 100% VO
* The yield to water presented
does not include the small
amount of water remaining
in the liquid product
8
6
4
2
6
4
2
3
4
2
1
100
200
FIG. 7. H2O, CO2 and CO gas product yields.
0.04
LGO
0.03
0.02
0.01
LHSV = 1
LHSV = 1.5
FIG. 8. Online H2
100
consumption.
36 MAY 2022 | HydrocarbonProcessing.com
200
300
Time onstream, hr
400
500
600
TIAGO VILELA leads the Refinery Catalyst Testing
(RCT) global services for Avantium Catalysis and
is accountable for the overall performance of the
business line. Dr. Vilela has more than 19 yr of
experience in engineering, project management,
management consultancy and business development.
Before joining Avantium, he worked as a Senior
Asset Management Consultant for Jacobs and as a
Management Consultant for AP-Networks. He has
advised on numerous projects and maintenance
turnarounds around the globe, helping clients to
improve their project, turnaround and operational
readiness performance. Dr. Tiago holds an MS degree
in chemical engineering from the University of Aveiro,
Portugal, and a Professional Doctorate in Engineering
degree from Delft University of Technology.
20% VO
80% SRGO
40% VO
60% SRGO
70% VO
30% SRGO
NOTES
100% VO
a Avantium Catalysis' Flowrence® systems.
300
Time onstream, hr
400
LHSV = 1
LHSV = 1.5
500
600
LGO
20% VO
80% SRGO
40% VO
60% SRGO
produced when
) and water
* Good reactor-to-reactor
repeatability for the gas
product yields
* Clear differences in CO and CO2
yield when using a higher LHSV.
Hydrogen (H2
) consumption. H2
consumption
was measured using the online
GC by comparing the outlet flow of
H2
with the inlet flow. FIG. 8 shows that a
step increase in the H2
consumption can
be expected with an increasing amount of
VO in the feedstock:
* Approximately 20% of the H2
fed
into the system is consumed when
processing the 100% VO feed
* Good reproducibility for
H2
consumption among
70% VO
30% SRGO
100% VO
Takeaways. No plugging was observed
in any of small-scale reactors during the
23-d test with various VO blends and 6
d of running 100% VO. Quantifying the
amount of water in the gas effluent using
an online GC is a feasible method for
closing the mass balance. The accuracy
of the mass balance and yields obtained
during the test are similar to conventional
hydroprocessing catalyst testing. Hightemperature
SimDis is a feasible method
for evaluating the conversion of triglycerides
during VO hydrogenation tests. The
test allowed accurate measurement of the
hydrodesulfurization (HDS) capacity of
the catalyst at start-of-run (SOR) conditions
when processing LGO / VO blends.
The proprietary high-throughput
16-parallel reactors systema
produces
consistent and reliable high data quality
with excellent reactor-to-reactor repeatability
for the hydrotreating of VO, and
offers a reliable testing platform to quickly
screen new catalysts for the production of
renewable fuels.
duplicated reactors
* Clear effect of LHSV on the
light gasoil (LGO) and LGO
blends hydrotreating.
Product sulfur. The product sulfur was
measured for the 40%, 70% and 70%
VO blends at ULSD conditions. Note
the very good repeatability of the sulfur
results for the duplicate reactors at such
high conversion:
* The reactors' temperature was
adjusted to produce < 5 ppmw
sulfur for the LHSV = 1 l/l/hr
* Very good reproducibility
for product sulfur among
duplicated reactors.
H2 consumption, %
CO yield, %
CO2 yield, %
H2O yield, %
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