Hydrocarbon Processing - June 2022 - 88

Heat Transfer
1,000°F (538°C) for Div. 1 applications.
These bolts are also used on high-alloy
floating heads as corrosion resistant alloy
bolts because they can remain fully submerged
in-or exposed to-shell-side
corrosive fluid. Most other high-alloy
bolting material options have low allowable
stresses and/or diameter limitations
for pressure vessel applications.
SA-453 is a precipitation-hardened
austenitic stainless steel. The precipitation
hardening process involves the
strengthening of the high alloy by specific
thermal treatment. Since these bolts
are thermally heat treated, they are required
to be impact-tested quality if the
MDMT is ≤ 20°C per UHA-51 of ASME
Code Section VIII-1. While the impact
testing requirement is clearly specified
for SA-453-660 bolts in Div. 2, it is not so
explicitly stated in Div. 1.
The authors noticed SA-453 bolting
used for heat exchanger body flanges
without being specified for impact testing.
Considering these exchangers were
designed under Div.1, the impact testing
requirement was missed. The authors
believe that the manufacturer considered
SA-453 bolts as austenitic stainless alloy
bolts and interpreted that they are exempt
from impact testing under the same
paragraph UHA-51 of Section VIII-1.
The code paragraphs would be helpful to
identify impact testing requirements, as
applicable, if SA-453 are viewed as " thermally
heat treated " austenitic stainless
steels, which they are.
The following response was received
from the code committee on the authors'
inquiry #15-2817:
Standard designation:
BPV Section VIII Div. 1
Edition/addenda: 2013 Ed.
Paragraph/figure/table number:
UHA-51(c)
Subject description:
Section VIII, Div. 1; UHA-51(c)-
Thermal treatments for material
Date issued: 05/26/2016
Record number: 15-2817
Interpretation number:
BPV VIII-1-16-45
Question(s) and Reply(ies):
Question: Do the thermal treatments
listed in UHA-51(c) include thermal
treatments performed by the material
supplier during the manufacture
of the material in addition to thermal
88 JUNE 2022 | HydrocarbonProcessing.com
treatments performed during the
manufacture of the vessel?
Reply: Yes
Slot length in sliding saddle insufficient
for possible thermal expansion.
Horizontal vessels and heat exchangers
are provided with saddle supports per
engineering specifications, which are
often part of applicable purchase order
documents. If the supported vessel is abnormally
long and/or the exchanger operates
at elevated temperature and has low
environmental MDMT, the slot length indicated
for the sliding saddle in the engineering
specification may be insufficient
for the full range of thermal expansion.
The authors observed exchangers in
which the slot length provision on the
sliding saddle was insufficient for the anticipated
thermal movement of the sliding
saddle based on the operating temperature
range. The engineering specification was
used to specify the slot length in the sliding
saddle base plate, and it was not verified
if the standard slot length would be
adequate to cover full thermal movement.
An insufficient slot for the sliding saddle
can lead to its restricted movement during
thermal growth of the shell, for which the
exchanger saddle/shell is not designed.
Takeaway. Numerous design reviews of
equipment data were performed in the
authors' routine engineering tasks; often,
such reviews are performed hastily. A pronounced
shortage of quality time for reviews
always exists because the documents
are pushed out promptly under the pretext
that checking for design adequacy is someone
else's responsibility, or not enough
hours are allocated for thorough review.
On the other end, an equipment design
that meets the code as well as relevant
and accepted good engineering practices
(RAGAGEPs) is the goal for equipment
supply so it will perform as expected
throughout its design life, and even beyond.
A thorough independent review plays a
key role in achieving this tall order; a cursory
review will not help achieve this goal.
The objective for engineers and reviewers
should be to leave no stone unturned during
reviews to achieve the required result,
regardless of the time it takes to provide
the optimum engineering services-there
is no substitute for quality. Proper design
review experience is acquired by continuous
practice and improvement, and the authors
feel that the feedback of uncommon
lessons will be helpful.
LITERATURE CITED
1
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
(ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section
VIII, " Rules for construction of pressure vessels-
Div. 1, " New York, New York, July 2019.
2 " Standards
3
of
the
Tubular Exchangers
Manufacturer's Association (TEMA), " 10th Ed.,
2019.
American Petroleum Institute (API) Standard
660, " Shell-and-tube heat exchangers, " 9th Ed.,
Washington, D.C., May 2020.
4
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
(ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section
II-D, " Material properties, " New York, New York,
July 2019.
5
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
(ASME), Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, B31.3,
" Process piping, " New York, New York, July 2018.
6
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
(ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section
II-A, " Ferrous material specifications, " New York,
New York, July 2019.
KUNTAK DARU is a Pressure Vessel
Engineer with Air Products and
Chemicals Inc. Mr. Daru works
in the mechanical equipment
division of Air Products, supporting
engineering and design activities
of AP projects worldwide from
the Houston, Texas location. Prior to working with
Air Products, Mr. Daru was a Technical Director in
mechanical engineering at Fluor Corp. in Sugar Land,
Texas. He has more than 30 yr of experience in the
engineering, design and specification of static
equipment in the refining, oil and gas, petrochemical
and chemical industries. Mr. Daru has produced more
than 10 publications in his field and holds a BS degree
in mechanical engineering from SVNIT in Surat, India.
Mr. Daru is a Registered Professional Engineer in the
states of Texas and Louisiana. The author can be
reached at Kuntak.Daru@gmail.com.
ANILKUMAR PANCHAL is an
Independent Consultant in
Mumbai, India. He has more than
15 yr of hands-on experience as a
Mechanical Design Engineer in
butyl rubber, gasification, ethane
cracker, chlorinated PVC and
various revamp projects. He previously worked for
L&T Heavy Engineering, Bechtel India Ltd., Jacobs
Engineering, Reliance Industries Ltd. and KIPIC,
Kuwait. He holds a BS degree in mechanical
engineering and an MS degree in industrial process
equipment design. He is a Certified Chartered
Engineer and Professional Engineer in India. The
author can be reached at anil0208@gmail.com.
PUNITA GALA is a Senior Design
Engineer at Reliance Industries Ltd.
and is part of the project
management team. She has worked
on benzene recovery units, extract
hydrotreater units, SCAN-Finer
units, as well as pressure vessels,
shell-and-tube heat exchangers and packaged items.
Prior to Reliance Industries Ltd., she worked for
Bechtel India and Larsen & Toubro Ltd. Ms. Gala
graduated from L. D. College of Engineering,
Ahmedabad, India, in mechanical engineering.
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