Hydrocarbon Processing - September 2022 - 114

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shortening residence time and lowering pressure drop in the
cracking coils. The results are increased ethylene product selectivity
and yields.
EnCs adopt matrix management
J. G. Munisteri, June 1996
After a decade of restructuring and reengineering, engineering
and construction (EnC) companies have discovered
that the traditional corporate management system is no longer
viable. Many EnC companies have adopted a matrix management
as the management system of choice in effectively
controlling decentralized operations. This article explores
what a matrix management system is, why it is used and what
it can accomplish.
Control contaminants in olefin feedstocks and products
J. A. Reid and D. R. McPhaul, July 1996
To be competitive, olefin manufacturers must use low-cost
feedstocks, which frequently contain contaminants. Equally
important, olefin customers, who are using newer technologies,
are specifying more stringent limits on contaminants
when purchasing products. These contaminants affect products
and catalyst systems, hinder operating processes and
impair equipment for both the manufacturers and customers.
An overview of current process designs and technologies
shows several cost-effective options to reduce or remove
feedstock contaminants such as carbon monoxide, carbonyl
sulfide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen fluoride, ammonia methanol
and phosphine.
Estimate product quality with ANNs
A. Brambilla and F. Trivella, September 1996
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been applied to
predict catalytic reformer octane number and gasoline splitter
product qualities. Results show that ANNs are a valuable
tool to derive fast and accurate product quality measurements
and offer a low-cost alternative to online analyzers or rigorous
mathematical models.
Six critical management issues
D. M. Woodruff, December 1996
From September 1995-September 1996, a survey of critical
management and workplace issues was conducted. Executives
and managers were asked to list the top three issues facing their
organization. The top six critical workplace issues included:
1. People issues
2. Cost and competition
3. Government regulations
4. Leadership and management
5. Change and technology
6. Quality and productivity.
Detect corrosion under insulation
M. Twomey, January 1997
Real-time x-ray technology is available to detect corrosion
quickly and reliably under the insulation of piping systems without
disturbing the insulation. This technology has permitted
many refineries and petrochemical facilities to successfully detect
this problem in an expeditious and cost-effective manner.
114 SEPTEMBER 2022 | HydrocarbonProcessing.com
Economically recover olefins from FCC offgases
D. Netzer, April 1997
The concept of ethylene and propylene recovery from FCC
offgases is not new; however, its application has been infrequent.
Here, two approaches to olefins recovery are addressed.
In the first, ethylene is recovered as a dilute gas at a concentration
of about 15 vol% and serves as raw material for ethylbenzene
and, subsequently, styrene. In the second approach, ethylene
is recovered as a pure polymer-grade liquid. Propylene
recovery is identical for both approaches.
Using mass meters for liquid measurement
K. J. Haveman and M. C. McGhee, July 1997
Mass-base flow measurement is rapidly being accepted by
users in a wide variety of industries. The ability of Coriolis
mass meters to handle an extensive range of applications and
fluids is one reason for the swift growth in this technology.
This article provides the basic theory of Coriolis meters, why
mass flowmeters are selected, the most successful applications,
existing and potential uses in the petroleum industry, and
proper meter installation.
What are Western Europe's petrochemical
feedstock options?
S. Zehnder, February 1998
In Western Europe, petrochemical demand remains strong,
in contrast to stagnant oil requirements. Under these conditions,
refiners have new opportunities not only as a manufacturer
but also as a petrochemical feedstock supplier. Tighter
gasoline specifications are rejecting olefins and aromatics
from local gasoline pools. Therefore, refiners can recover propylene
and xylenes from processing streams for sale or feedstock
purposes. These two petrochemicals have very strong
consumption demands.
How much safety is enough?
R. P. Stickles and G. A. Melhem, October 1998
Current design codes and standards primarily seek to mitigate
catastrophic consequences from process incidents-standards
guide engineers on how to design equipment to avoid
failures. Since the focus is on consequences, these design specifications
may not fully address incident frequency and provide
coverage for double or triple jeopardy. Consequently, companies
that seek sound guidance to correctly assess cost and benefit
from loss control measures must broaden the approach and
consider risk-based evaluation techniques.
Outlook for global HPI surprisingly strong
HPImpact, November 1998
Despite the maturing of the petrochemical industry, world
and regional outlooks for petrochemicals are strong. High fiveyear
petrochemical growth rates are possible if the Asian financial
crisis does not continue to worsen and push the beginning
of the economic recovery well beyond 2000. The global industry
is forecast to grow as much as 5%/yr to 2007.
Reduce maintenance costs with
smart field devices
J. S. Masterson, January 1999
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