Hydrocarbon Processing - September 2022 - 32

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This article is the first in a series written by Mr. Beall in the
early 1930s focused on the practical application of technology
to the manufacturer of natural gasoline. In discussing the
problems confronting the manufacture of natural gasoline, he
stated that he would like to discuss his several topics with the
viewpoint that, " Theory is no better than its practical application
proves it to be, and that theory without practice is as bad as
practice without theory. "
They are not accidents-They are self-imposed injuries
O. Peters, March 1930
Analysis of statistics leads to the conclusion that accidents
are in fact self-imposed injuries. Records show that the first
steps taken were in the provision of safe working conditions by
the adoption of safety devices; then came the development of
intelligent supervision; and now we are in the period of educating
workers by teaching them the cause, the effect, the prevention
and the responsibility of accidents.
Cutting losses by efficient vapor recovery
H. R. Linhoff, May 1930
Vapor recovery applies to the recovery and utilization of production,
refinery and tank farm vapors, which if not recovered
would otherwise be wasted. In the past, producers and refiners
have been inclined to neglect the importance of vapor loss.
These losses can be reduced in several ways (e.g. insulation,
seals and floating roofs), but they cannot be eliminated without
some system of collecting and recovering the vapors.
Operation of meters in natural gasoline plants
E. E. Stovall, May 1930
There are two methods of measuring gas that are used: the
positive or displacement meter and the orifice meter measurement.
This article focuses on reading the different types of meters,
how to install them and computing measurements.
Progress in vapor phase cracking
C. R. Wagner, June 1930
The development of the high-compression gasoline engine
has made it necessary for the refiner to market a fuel satisfactory
for use in such engines. This trend has led to the commercial
development of phase cracking in which the refiner is able to
produce a highly anti-knock fuel from either topped crude or
gasoil at a cost not out of line with the cost of gasoline made by
liquid phase cracking processes.
Some theoretical considerations
for the design of separators
F. L. Kallam and L. J. Coulthurst, July 1930
No two plants have the same separator design. It is self-evident
that where practice is, so diversified theory is not understood.
This fact has led to the present work of the subject of
separators, with the hope that knowledge gained in other industries
can be profitably employed toward correcting the separator
failures in our own industry.
Methods of utilizing petroleum residuals and byproducts
A.
E. Dunstan, July 1930
32 SEPTEMBER 2022 | HydrocarbonProcessing.com
In discussions on the utilization of various petroleum residuals
and byproducts for power purposes, the author focuses
on important topics of acid sludge, petroleum coke, asphalt
residues and waste gases. His work reviews various research,
experiments and results obtained in the application of these
products as fuels. Part 1 of this discussion focuses on acid
sludge, while Part 2 covers the usage of petroleum coke, asphalt
residues and waste gases.
Lime distributing plant to combat corrosion
R. J. Lawrence, August 1930
Considerable difficulty was experienced in refining certain
crude due to corrosion on the crude tube stills and the battery of
cracking units. On the cracking stills, this rapid corrosion soon
gave rise to failure in tubes, return beds, headers and transfer
lines. Immediately, several methods were implemented to reduce
the corrosion rate, one being to employ hydrated lime. The
lime treatment was chosen because enough of the alkali could
be fed into the stills with the charging stock to greatly reduce the
corrosion and still not be detrimental to the stills.
Few concerns dominate refining capacities
G. Reid, September 1930
Twenty-two companies own nearly 80% of the total crude
capacity and 87% of the cracking facilities in the U.S. These 22
companies have 159 refineris and 1,713 cracking units. The
remainder of the refining capacity (20%) is divided among
approximately 275 plants owned by close to 250 companies.
These companies possess about 290 cracking units.
The refining industry, like several other industries, is dominated
by a score of companies. However, compared to other
industries such as automotive, public utility and steel, the petroleum
refining industry is divided among a relatively large
number of competitive units.
Transportation by land, water and air
E. V. Rickenbacker, October 1930
In less than a generation, we must expect improvements in
transportation by highways, water and air far beyond anything
dreamed by the public. This could include traveling by superhighways
300 ft-400 ft wide, extending from ocean to ocean
and from border to border. Commercial air travel can one-day
bring hordes of passengers to faraway places and much more;
the possibilities are endless.
The meaning of the gasoline distillation curve
G. Edgar, J. B. Hill and T. A. Boyd, November 1930
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the more important
relationships between the distillation data of gasoline and its
performance in the automobile engine. Motor fuel volatility relates
to engine performance in the following ways:
* Ease of starting a cold engine
* Tendency to interrupt operation because of vapor lock
* Ease of acceleration
* Relative ease of effecting a dry mixture
* Tendency to crankcase dilution.
A study of the fundamental principles involved leads to several
practical principles that may serve as a guide to oil refiners in indicating
the volatility characteristics which gasoline should pos
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