Refining Processes Handbook - 2020 - 195
2020 REFINING PROCESSES HANDBOOK
PROCESS CATEGORIES
COMPANY INDEX
HYDROCRACKING
HyC-10™
Description:
Improving FCC yields, flexibility and product slate and qualities: Adding mild
hydrocracking units (MHC) upstream of the FCCU can be economically attractive
to help adapt overall FCCU performance. Such hydrotreated FCC feeds have less
sulfur and higher hydrogen-to-carbon (H/C) ratios, leading to greater product yields
and better quality of FCC gasoline, but also a reduction of FCC regenerator sulfur
oxides (SOx ) and nitrogen oxides (NOx ) emissions.
Meeting the ULSD challenge with the HyC-10 process: The relatively mild
conditions employed, i.e., moderately low H2 partial pressure (40 bar-80 bar),
do not allow the achievement of ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) sulfur specifications
directly at the MHC unit outlet, requiring further hydrotreatment. Diesel out of an
MHC unit is more refractory than straight-run diesel due to higher aromatics and
organic-nitrogen content, so it requires more severe operating conditions than
most existing hydrodesulfurization units. To cope with increasing demand for ULSD,
the HyC-10 process was developed to meet that challenge while ensuring constant
MHC conversion.
In HyC-10, the H2 required for both MHC and hydrotreatment purposes is sent
to a polishing unit operated in once-through mode, before being sent to the MHC
section. Such a configuration results in equipment savings [a 35%-40% reduction
of diesel hydrotreatment inside battery limit (ISBL) cost], but also in H2 consumption
and utilities reduction.
Yields: Combining MHC and FCC adds flexibility by adjusting the balance between
gasoline and diesel production.
FCC+MHC
FCC alone
iso-VGO
iso-FCC
LPG, tons
15.1
13.5
20.0
Gasoline, tons
42.0
35.5
54.9
LCO + diesel, tons
26.8
41.7
62.9
Gasoline + LCO + diesel, tons
68.8
77.2
117.8
FCC throughput, tons
100
65
100
The first comparative example employs the same quantity of VGO feed to the
complex FCC+MHC (iso-VGO). In the second example (iso-FCC), the overall VGO feed
to the FCC+VGO complex is increased to ensure same quantity of feed to the FCCU.
Lights, naphtha
VGO
H2
Low-S VGO
Prime-D HDT
section
Diesel from CDU, FCC,
VB, coker, etc.
10 ppm S diesel
to stripping
Typical HyC-10 performance:
Feed
Conversion, %
Yields vs. feed, vol%
Naphtha
Diesel
Hydrotreated VGO
H2 consumption, wt%
Diesel properties
Sulfur, wt ppm
Cetane number
HDT-VGO (FCC feed) properties
Sulfur, ppm
Hydrogen, wt%
VGO + HCGO
20
40
1.2
5.7
20.7 36.9
80.7
61.4
1.23
1.39
< 10
< 10
48
49
< 300
13.0
< 100
13.1
Continued
Copyright © 2020 Gulf Energy Information. All rights reserved.
http://www.hydrocarbonprocessing.com/
Refining Processes Handbook - 2020
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Refining Processes Handbook - 2020
Contents
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