IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - August 2022 - 38

Integrating Multiband Active and Passive Radar for Enhanced Situational Awareness
television (474-786 MHz). It is equipped with individual
digital signal processing (DSP) units for the three bands.
The DSP for FM handles up to 16 transmitters, while both
of the DSPs for the single-frequency networks (SFNs)
DAB and DVB-T process (time-multiplexed) up to five
networks. Circular antenna arrays (one per frequency
band) allow for digital beam-forming and provide 360
azimuth coverage. Twinvis features real-time 3D object
tracking, a track update rate above 2 Hz, and power consumption
of less than 5 kW. The detection range with FM
signals is up to 250 km, and the range with DAB and
DVB-T signals is up to 100 km. Twinvis provides Asterix
data output for easy integration into air surveillance networks.
More details about the system can be found in [32].
Twinvis is deployable in a mobile, easily relocatable
Figure 1.
NUR-12ME Active long-range radar.
SENSORS
The data fusion results described further in this article
include two active radars and five passive radar systems,
which took part in the NATO STO SET APART-GAS trials.
The passive radars range from state-of-the-art operative
passive radars, via passive multistatic surveillance
systems with signal multilateration under development, to
research sensors for passive radar developments. The
active radars are operational systems in the Polish Defense
Forces.
Figure 2.
NUR-15M Active medium-range radar.
NUR-12ME-ACTIVE LONG-RANGE RADAR
The NUR-12ME is a long-range early warning radar operating
in L-band around 1.3-GHz carrier frequency. It
rotates at 6 rpm, the instrumented range is >350 km, and
the peak power is >600 kW. The NUR-12ME can be seen
in Figure 1.
NUR-15M-ACTIVE MEDIUM-RANGE RADAR
The NUR-15M is a medium-range mobile radar working
in S-band around 3.3-GHz carrier frequency. It rotates at 6
or 12 rpm, the instrumented range is 240 km, and the peak
power is >180 kW. The NUR-15M can be seen in
Figure 2.
HENSOLDT'S TWINVIS PASSIVE RADAR SYSTEM
Hensoldt's multiband passive radar system Twinvis simultaneously
processes transmitter signals from FM-radio
(88-108 MHz), DAB-radio (174-240 MHz), and DVB-T
38
Figure 3.
Hensoldt's Twinvis integrated in a shelter (left) and in a van
(right).
IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE
AUGUST 2022
version (integrated, e.g., in a Mercedes Wolf) or as a fixed
system (integrated in a shelter or building). Figure 3 shows
the two sensors that participated in APART-GAS. Twinvis

IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - August 2022

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