IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine - July 2020 - 33
Davarian et al.
Figure 4.
Illustration of antennas used during EDL and surface operations for MSL and M2020 missions.
with the Iris radio. This option would have the added
advantage that one platform can function as both directto-earth and proximity radio. The current flight-qualified
version of Frontier Radio implemented for the use in the
Europa Clipper6 mission supports direct-to-earth and
proximity radio operation and is 2.6 kg and 9.5 W (transmit and receive) excluding an external RF power amplifier
[19]. This radio is DSN compatible plus provides crossbanded transmit and receive capability. As mentioned in
Part I, a recent version of the Frontier radio, known as
Frontier-Lite, drastically reduces the mass and power. A
variety of this radio implemented on a single board draws
only 4 W when transmitting 1 W of RF power [20]. Therefore, Frontier-Lite appears to be a good candidate for
SmallSats in general and CubeSats in particular. However,
all the above-mentioned options need different degrees of
investment to turn them into suitable products for SmallSat proximity applications.
upcoming M2020 mission to Mars [22]. X-band direct-toearth communication is used, but antenna gain and transmit power limits the data rate for the X-band channels.
Consequently, UHF proximity links to an orbiting relay
such as Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) is the primary communications channel for MSL. During EDL, the
Parachute UHF (PUHF) and Descent UHF (DUHF) antennas provide the key telemetry data. Once the rover is
landed communications are carried by the Rover UHF
(RUHF) antenna, a low mass ($560 g) quadrifilar helix
antenna (see Figure 5). This antenna provides horizon-to-
PROXIMITY ANTENNAS
A wide variety of proximity communications links are
used for deep space missions and require numerous
antenna designs. To illustrate, Figure 4 shows the various
antennas required for EDL and surface operations for the
Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) [21] as well as the
6
Europa Clipper is a mission under development to explore
Jupiter's moon Europa: https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/europaclipper/.
JULY 2020
Figure 5.
UHF quadrifilar helix used in Mars proximity links.
IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE
33
https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/europa-clipper/.
http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/europa-clipper/.
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine - July 2020
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine - July 2020
Contents
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IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine - July 2020 - Contents
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