IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 52

Software-Defined Radio Implemented GPS Spoofing and Its Computationally Efficient Detection and Suppression

[13] M. Pini, M. Fantino, A. Cavaleri, S. Ugazio, and L. L.

[21] C. W. Fowler, " Codeless GPS sonde, " US Patent

Presti, " Signal quality monitoring applied to spoofing

4 754 283, Jun. 28, 1988.

detection, " in Proc. 24th Int. Tech. Meeting Satell. Divi-

[22] J.-M. Friedt, W. Feng, S. Chretien, G. Goavec-Merou, and

sion Inst. Navigation, 2001, pp. 1888-1896.
[14] J.-H. Lee, K.-C. Kwon, D.-S. An, and D.-S. Shim, " GPS

M. Sato, " Passive radar for measuring passive sensors:
Direct signal interference suppression on FPGA using

spoofing detection using accelerometers and performance

orthogonal matching pursuit and stochastic gradient

analysis with probability of detection, " Int. J. Control,

descent, " in Proc. Multimodal Sens.: Technol. Appl. Int.

Autom., Syst., vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 951-959, 2015.

Soc. Opt. Photon., 2019, vol. 11059, Art. no 1105906.

[15] S. Lo, D. De Lorenzo, P. Enge, D. Akos, and P. Bradley,

[23] D. H. Auston,

" State of the art of PTTI physics and

" Signal authentication: A secure civil GNSS for today, "

devices, " in, An Assessment of Precision Time and Time

Inside GNSS, vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 30-39, 2009.

Interval Science and Technology. Washington, D.C., USA:

[16] C. Fernandez-Prades, J. Arribas, and P. Closas,
" Robust GNSS receivers by array signal processing:

Nat. Res. Council Nat. Academies, 2002.
[24] A. Thiel and M. Ammann, " Anti-jamming techniques in u-

Theory and implementation, " Proc. IEEE, vol. 104,

blox GPS receivers, " u-blox White paper, GPS-X-090008,

no. 6, pp. 1207-1220, Jun. 2016.

2009.

[17] S. Daneshmand, A. Jafarnia-Jahromi, A. Broumandan, and

[25] J. S. Subirana, J. M. J. Zornoza, and M. Hernandez-

G. Lachapelle, " A low-complexity GPS anti-spoofing

Pajares, GNSS Data Processing, Volume I: Fundamentals

method using a multi-antenna array, " in Proc. 25th Int.

and Algorithms. Noordwijk, The Netherlands: ESA Com-

Tech. Meeting Satell. Division Inst. Navigation, 2012,
pp. 1233-1243.
[18] C. E. McDowell, " GPS spoofer and repeater mitigation

mun., 2013, pp. 145-161.
[26] B. R. Mahafza and A. Elsherbeni, MATLAB Simulations
for Radar Systems Design. Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC

system using digital spatial nulling, " US Patent 7 250 903,
Jul. 31, 2007.

Press, 2003.
[27] R. T. Behrens and L. L. Scharf, " Signal processing applications of oblique projection operators, " IEEE Trans. Sig-

[19] M. Cuntz, A. Konovaltsev, and M. Meurer, " Concepts,

nal Process., vol. 42, no. 6, pp. 1413-1424, Jun. 1994.

development, and validation of multiantenna GNSS
receivers for resilient navigation, " Proc. IEEE, vol. 104,

[28] G. V. Trunk, " Range resolution of targets using automatic
detectors, " IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. AES-

no. 6, pp. 1288-1301, Jun. 2016.
[20] A. Broumandan, A. Jafarnia-Jahromi, S. Daneshmand, and
G. Lachapelle, " Overview of spatial processing approaches

[29]

for GNSS structural interference detection and mitigation, "

14, no. 5, pp. 750-755, Sep. 1978.
" GNSS-SDR, " 2020. [Online]. Available: https://gnss-sdr.
org/

Proc. IEEE, vol. 104, no. 6, pp. 1246-1257, Jun. 2016.

52

IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE

MARCH 2021


https://gnss-sdr.org https://gnss-sdr.org

IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021

Contents
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - Cover1
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - Cover2
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - Contents
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 2
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 3
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 4
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 5
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 6
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 7
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 8
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 9
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 10
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 11
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 12
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 13
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 14
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 15
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 16
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 17
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 18
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 19
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 20
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 21
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 22
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 23
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 24
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 25
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 26
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 27
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 28
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 29
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 30
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 31
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 32
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 33
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 34
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 35
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 36
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 37
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 38
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 39
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 40
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 41
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 42
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 43
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 44
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 45
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 46
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 47
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 48
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 49
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 50
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 51
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 52
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 53
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 54
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 55
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 56
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 57
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 58
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 59
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 60
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 61
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 62
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 63
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 64
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 65
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 66
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 67
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - 68
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - Cover3
IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - March 2021 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_december2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_november2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_october2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_september2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_august2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_july2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_june2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_may2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_april2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_march2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_february2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_january2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_december2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_november2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_october2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_september2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_august2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_july2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_june2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_may2022_tutorial
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_may2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_april2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_march2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_february2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_january2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_december2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_november2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_october2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_september2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_august2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_july2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_june2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_may2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_april2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_march2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_march2021_tutorials
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_february2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_january2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_november2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_december2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_october2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_september2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_august2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_july2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_june2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_may2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_april2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_march2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_february2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_january2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_december2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_october2019partII
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_november2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_october2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_july2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_september2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_august2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_june2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_april2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_may2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_march2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_december2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_august2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_october2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_september2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/aerospace_november2018
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com