Review of High Throughput Satellites: Market Disruptions, Affordability-Throughput Map, and the Cost Per Bit/Second. . . Figure 1. HTS defining features and work-around the limited bandwidth resource (details in "Cost Per Bit Per Second Decision Tree: Analyses and Implications" section). Figure 2. Timeline of HTS launches (data source: SpaceTrak database [2] and online resources). enable HTS to address applications that were previously too expensive for traditional satellites, and it can help create new niche markets. FROM BROADCAST (MHz) TO BROADBAND (Mbps): ONSET OF OBSOLESCENCE FOR TRADITIONAL WIDE-BEAM SATELLITES Traditional wide-beam satcoms were mainly designed for point-to-multipoint broadcast considerations. That 66 is, the same information is provided simultaneously to all subscribers or receivers. Broadcast efficiencies, however, are not competitive when used for point-to-point broadband delivery. Design choices appropriate for broadcast efficiencies do not translate into broadband efficiencies. With the changes in how people and businesses access and consume data, it will become increasingly difficult for wide-beam satellites to compete with HTS, except for small niche markets in the future. As the telecommunication markets and consumer expectations change, wide- IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE MAY 2019