IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine - September 2020 - 36

Sidelobe Mitigation in Noise Radar Using Sparse Signal Processing

Figure 2.
(a) DDRC for the LFM waveform. Range and velocity ambiguities are present. (b) DDRC for the noise waveform. The sidelobes of the
strong target have an average power of -32 dB, effectively masking the weaker target at -30 dB. The true target positions are circled.

ambiguities can be clearly seen both in range and velocity,
as expected. Instead, the noise waveform can resolve the
range and velocity unambiguously due to its absence of
periodicity.
Next, target detection is carried out by performing a
CFAR over the DDRC responses. The CFAR applied here
consists of a threshold set 13 dB above background level.
No window or guard cells have been applied. For the
LFM, the background level corresponds to the thermal
noise, whereas for the noise waveform, it corresponds to
the noise-like sidelobes of the strongest target.
For the case of LFM waveform, the CFAR detection
threshold is set to -44 dB (13 dB above the expected background, i.e., thermal noise level of -57 dB), leading to the
detection of both targets, together with their sidelobes.
However, they are detected both at their correct positions
and at their corresponding ambiguous values. Since the
true lobe and all the aliases have the same amplitude, it is
not possible to discriminate the true target from the

ambiguities. An example of the CFAR output zoomed-in
around the correct target positions is shown in Figure 3(a).
In the case of the noise waveform, there are neither
ambiguities in range nor in velocity, as expected [see
Figure 2(b)]. The increase in the background level after
processing compared to the LFM waveform is due to the
sidelobes generated by the strong target after range compression. The CFAR detection threshold is set to -19 dB
(13 dB above the expected background, i.e., sidelobe,
level of -32 dB), leading to the detection of the strong target, whereas the weak target with -30 dB output SNR is
masked by the background level and therefore is not
detected [see Figure 3(b)].
Subsequently, OMP is applied to the DDRC data for
the LFM and noise waveforms. The results, which are
zoomed-in around the correct target positions, are shown
in Figure 4. In the case of the LFM waveform, OMP
returns multiple detections, but none of them corresponds
to the weak target. Recall that for LFM waveforms, the

Figure 3.
(a) CFAR detection for the LFM waveform. Both targets are detected. (b) CFAR detection for the noise waveform. The weaker target is not
detected since it is masked by the sidelobes of the stronger target. The true target positions are circled.

36

IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE

SEPTEMBER 2020



IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine - September 2020

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