IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine - September 2020 - 8

Feature Article:

DOI. No. 10.1109/MAES.2020.2990591

Noise Radar-Overview and Recent Developments
Kubilay Savci, Koc University; Turkish Naval Research Center Command
Andrew G. Stove, Stove Specialties
Francesco De Palo, Tor Vergata University; Rheinmetall Italia S.p.A
Ahmet Yasin Erdogan, Turkish Naval Research Center Command
Gaspare Galati, Tor Vergata University
Konstantin A. Lukin, Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; University of Pardubice
Sergii Lukin, Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics and Electronics of the
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Paulo Marques, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa,
Instituto de Telecomunicacoes
Gabriele Pavan, Tor Vergata University
Christoph Wasserzier, Fraunhofer Institute for High Frequency Physics and
Radar Techniques FHR

INTRODUCTION
Authors' current addresses: Kubilay Savci, Ahmet Yasin
Erdogan, Electronic Systems Development Department, Turkish Naval Research Center Command,
Istanbul 34890, Turkey (e-mail: ksavci@ieee.org;
erdogan.yasin@ieee.org). Andrew G. Stove, Stove
Specialties, Hove, Sussex BN3 5NL, U.K. (e-mail:
andystove@compuserve.com). Francesco De Palo,
Rheinmetall Italia S.p.A, Rome 0013, Italy (e-mail:
fradepalo89@gmail.com). Gaspare Galati, Gabriele
Pavan, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tor
Vergata University, Rome 00133, Italy (e-mail:
gaspare.galati@uniroma2.it; gabriele.pavan@uniroma2.
it). Konstantin A. Lukin, LNDES, IRE NASU, Kharkov
61085, Ukraine; Faculty of Electrical Engineering &
Informatics, University of Pardubice, Pardubice 53210,
Czech Republic (e-mail: lukin@ire.kharkov.ua; lukin.
konstantin@gmail.com; kolu1537@upce.cz). Sergii
Lukin, IRE NASU, Kharkov 61085, Ukraine (e-mail:
sergiy.lukin@gmail.com). Paulo Marques, Instituto
Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto de Telecomunicacoes, Lisbon 1049-00, Portugal (e-mail:
pmarques@deetc.isel.ipl.pt). Christoph Wasserzier,
Fraunhofer Institute for High Frequency Physics and
Radar Techniques FHR, Wachtberg 2053343, Germany
(e-mail: christoph.wasserzier@fhr.fraunhofer.de).
Manuscript received September 6, 2019, revised January
5, 2020, and ready for publication April 24, 2020.
Review handled by Peter Willett.
0885-8985/20/$26.00 ß 2020 IEEE
8

A noise radar is one which transmits a signal that is nondeterministic or random. The idea of noise radar dates
back 60 years [1], but practical interest in it greatly
increased in the 2000s, as advances in radar have permitted better exploitation of the advantages of noise radar.
Noise radar technology (NRT) is best understood by
returning to the basic principles of radar. The main idea of
radar is to transmit a radio signal and to detect the presence of any target by sensing echoes of its transmissions.
Radars in their simplest form transmit a train of pulses of
a given duration and repetition interval. The emitted
waveform determines the limitations of the ranging process. The unambiguous range is defined by the repetition
interval of pulses. The ability of a radar to resolve two
closely spaced targets, i.e., the radar range resolution DR,
is determined by the bandwidth B of the signal
DR ¼ c=2B

(1)

where c is the velocity of light. In case of modulated
signals, the resulting range resolution is thus independent from the duration of the pulse. In fact, (1) also
applies to the simple case of the unmodulated pulse,
where the bandwidth is approximately the reciprocal of
the pulsewidth.
For any radar signal, a matched filter should be used to
maximize the signal to noise ratio. This filter correlates the
received signal with that which was transmitted [2]. The

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