IEEE - Aerospace and Electronic Systems - September 2023 - 20

Opportunities and Limitations in Radar Sensing Based on 5G Broadband Cellular Networks
additional receivers with processing to the already operated
5G networks, which can extensively increase the service
area for mobile providers, giving other services for
mobile users and security applications. Such operational
conditions lead to radar on demand functionalities, where
the possibility of target detection is activated when
necessary.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors would like to thank Professor S»awomir
Hausman and Professor Piotr Korbel for enabling the
5G infrastructure at the ºodz University of Technology
and for valuable help during the measurement campaigns.
They also thank Professor Krzysztof Kulpa for
his support during the trials.
REFERENCES
[1] M. Malanowski, Signal Processing for Passive Bistatic
Radar. Norwood, MA, USA: Artech House, 2019.
Figure 19.
Results for a case when a single target is present and can be
detected. (a) CAF. (b) Spectrogram.
CONCLUSION
This article presents opportunities and limitations in
radar sensing based on 5G broadband cellular networks.
The authors intended to present this field's current
state-of-the-art and hope that the presented results will be
the guideline for researchers in modern communications
plus sensing applications using 5G networks, and a prelude
for using 6G-based communications in sensing. A
detailed description of the fundamentals in 5G sensing
and a waveform description according to the used standard
are described. The article also discussed challenges in signal
processing in sensing applications. The predicted
power budget and obtainable detection ranges are shown,
which are finally confirmed by a real experiment using
passive radars for moving target detection utilizing a 5Gbased
network as an illumination of opportunity. In the
authors' opinion, this kind of illumination can be effectively
used in the future for joint radar and communication
applications. It can be used for passive radar. Namely,
channel estimation informing on target positions and
velocities can be obtained both from the current 5G waveform
and modified modulation strategies [16], [22], [24].
Also, one of the prospective applications can be cooperation
between 5G communication networks and distributed
wide-area low-energy radar systems fully cooperative
with the 5G networks. This can be an additional commercial
application given by telecommunications providers to
the users. The applications can be easily applied by adding
20
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IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE
SEPTEMBER 2023
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