IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2019 - 44

point of view. The discussion of the challenges associated with database-assisted sharing scenarios and theoretical research challenges related, e.g., on the use of
deep learning to analyze big spectrum data has been
given. We also discussed needed developments for base
station hardware. Base stations should be developed
specifically for dynamic spectrum access to achieve
short evacuation times and fast frequency changes.
There are many interesting challenges in improving the
operation in the current bands and especially in the new
frequency bands where mobile networks are aiming to
operate in the near future. Integration of terrestrial systems with satellite networks will create interesting research and development challenges for future and some
topics for future work are identified in the paper.
Acknowledgment
Discussions with Dr. Esa Piri on mobility management
problems and Mr. Marko Palola on CBRS system implementation problems are acknowledged. The work was
supported by the CORNET and the WIVE projects, partly funded by Business Finland.
Marko Höyhtyä (S'07-M'11-SM'15) obtained his M.Sc. (Tech.) degree in Information Engineering and D.Sc. (Tech.)
degree on Telecommunication Engineering from the University of Oulu
where he holds an Adjunct Professor
position. From the beginning of 2005 he has been with
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland where he is
currently working as a team leader in the Autonomous
Systems Connectivity team. In 2007-2008 he was a visiting research scientist at the Berkeley Wireless Research
Center, CA. His research interests include critical communications, hybrid satellite-terrestrial connectivity,
spectrum sharing, and autonomous systems. He is a
steering group member of Research Alliance for Autonomous Systems (RAAS).
Aarne Mämmelä received the degree of
D.Sc. (Tech.) (with honors) from the
University of Oulu in 1996. He was with
the University of Oulu from 1982 to
1993. In 1993 he joined VTT Technical
Research Centre of Finland in Oulu.
Since 1996 he has been a Research Professor of digital
signal processing in wireless communications. He has
visited University of Kaiserslautern in Germany in 19901991 and the University of Canterbury in New Zealand
in 1996-1997. Since 2004 he has been a Docent (equivalent to Adjunct Professor) at the University of Oulu. In
2014-2018 he was a Technical Editor of the IEEE Wire44

IEEE CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS MAGAZINE

less Communications and in 2016-2018 a member of the
Research Council of Natural Sciences and Engineering
in the Academy of Finland, which is funding basic research. He has given lectures on research methodology at the University of Oulu for over 15 years, including
the systems approach in addition to the conventional
reductive approach. His research interests are in adaptive and learning systems and resource efficiency in
telecommunications.
Alessandro Chiumento received his
PhD in cellular network management
from Imec, Leuven, Belgium, in 2015. He
subsequently worked as a postdoctoral
researcher at KU Leuven (Belgium) on
massive machine-to-machine communication, channel prediction, very dense networks, and
the application of machine learning to theoretical problems in telecommunication and information management. He is currently an MSCA EDGE fellow in CONNECT
and is working on the project "Internet of Complex
Things", which aims to develop a formal framework for
causality in distributed wireless networks and to provide adaptive run-time control methods for vast and
dense IoT sensor networks.
Sofie Pollin (S'02-M'06-SM'13) received the Ph.D. degree (Hons.) from KU
Leuven in 2006. From 2006 to 2008, she
continued her research on wireless
communication, energy-efficient networks, cross-layer design, coexistence,
and cognitive radio with the University of California
Berkeley. In 2008, she returned to imec to become a Principal Scientist with the Green Radio Team. Since 2012,
she is a professor with the Electrical Engineering Department, KU Leuven. Her research centers around networked systems that require networks that are ever more
dense, heterogeneous, battery powered, and spectrum
constrained. She is a BAEF and Marie Curie Fellow.
Martti Forsell received M.Sc., Ph.Lic.,
and Ph.D. degrees in computer science
from University of Joensuu, Finland in
1991, 1994, and 1997, respectively. He
has acted as a lecturer, researcher, and
acting professor in the Department of
Computer Science, University of Joensuu. Currently he is
a Principal Scientist of processor architecture and parallel computing at VTT, Oulu, Finland, as well as an Adjunct Professor of computer architecture in the Faculty
of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering at
the University of Oulu.
THIRD QUARTER 2019

IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2019

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