IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 66

[93] S. Boccaletti et al., "Explosive transitions in complex networks'
structure and dynamics: Percolation and synchronization," Phys. Rep.,
vol. 660, pp. 1-94, 2016. doi: 10.1016/j.physrep.2016.10.004.
[94] A. A. Koronovskii, M. K. Kurovskaya, O. I. Moskalenko, A. Hramov,
and S. Boccaletti, "Self-similarity in explosive synchronization of complex networks," Phys. Rev. E, vol. 96, no. 6, p. 062312, 2017. doi: 10.1103/
PhysRevE.96.062312.
[95] L. Cao, C. Tian, Z. Wang, X. Zhang, and Z. Liu, "Influence of stochastic perturbations on the cluster explosive synchronization of secondorder Kuramoto oscillators on networks," Phys. Rev. E, vol. 97, no. 2, p.
022220, 2018. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.97.022220.
[96] C. Wang, Y. Zou, S. Guan, and J. Kurths, "Cartesian product of synchronization transitions and hysteresis," New J. Phys., vol. 19, no. 12, p.
123,036, 2017. doi: 10.1088/1367-2630/aa99b5.
[97] H. Wu, L. Kang, Z. Liu, and M. Dhamala, "Exact explosive synchronization transitions in Kuramoto oscillators with time-delayed coupling,"
Sci. Rep., vol. 8, no. 1, p. 15,521, 2018. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-33845-6.
[98] A. Waagen, R. M. D'Souza, and T. C. Lu, "Explosive percolation on
directed networks due to monotonic flow of activity," Phys. Rev. E, vol.
96, no. 1, p. 012317, 2017. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.96.012317.
[99] V. Avalos-Gaytán et al., "Emergent explosive synchronization in
adaptive complex networks," Phys. Rev. E, vol. 97, no. 4, p. 042301, 2018.
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.97.042301.
[100] I. Leyva, I. Sendiña-Nadal, and S. Boccaletti, "Explosive synchronization in mono and multilayer networks," Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. B,
vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 1931-1944, 2018. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2018189.
[101] H. Daido, "Multibranch entrainment and scaling in large populations of coupled oscillators," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 77, no. 7, p. 1406, 1996.
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.1406.
[102] A. F. Taylor, P. Kapetanopoulos, B. J. Whitaker, R. Toth, L. Bull, and
M. R. Tinsley, "Clusters and switchers in globally coupled photochemical oscillators," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 100, no. 21, p. 214,101, 2008. doi:
10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.214101.
[103] K. Okuda, "Variety and generality of clustering in globally coupled oscillators," Physica D, vol. 63, nos. 3-4, pp. 424-436, 1993. doi:
10.1016/0167-2789(93)90121-G.
[104] P. Ashwin and J. Borresen, "Encoding via conjugate symmetries of
slow oscillations for globally coupled oscillators," Phys. Rev. E, vol. 70,
no. 2, p. 026203, 2004. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.026203.
[105] P. Seliger, S. C. Young, and L. S. Tsimring, "Plasticity and learning
in a network of coupled phase oscillators," Phys. Rev. E, vol. 65, no. 4, p.
041906, 2002. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.65.041906.
[106] R. K. Niyogi and L. Q. English, "Learning-rate-dependent clustering and self-development in a network of coupled phase oscillators,"
Phys. Rev. E, vol. 80, no. 6, p. 066213, 2009. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.
80.066213.
[107] J. Wu, L. Jiao, R. Li, and W. Chen, "Clustering dynamics of nonlinear oscillator network: Application to graph coloring problem," Physica
D, vol. 240, no. 24, pp. 1972-1978, 2011. doi: 10.1016/j.physd.2011.09.010.
[108] R. Diestel, "Graph theory," Electronic ed. Heidelberg: SpringerVerlag, 2005.
[109] M. T. Schaub, N. O'Clery, Y. N. Billeh, J. C. Delvenne, R. Lambiotte, and M. Barahona, "Graph partitions and cluster synchronization
in networks of oscillators," Chaos, vol. 26, no. 9, p. 094821, 2016. doi:
10.1063/1.4961065.
[110] G. Cascallares and P. M. Gleiser, "Clustering and phase synchronization in populations of coupled phase oscillators," Eur. Phys. J. B, vol.
88, no. 10, p. 254, 2015. doi: 10.1140/epjb/e2015-60314-0.
[111] D. Aeyels and F. De Smet, "A mathematical model for the dynamics of clustering," Physica D, vol. 237, no. 19, pp. 2517-2530, 2008. doi:
10.1016/j.physd.2008.02.024.
[112] F. De Smet and D. Aeyels, "Resonances and entrainment breakup
in Kuramoto models with multimodal frequency densities," Phys. Rev.
E, vol. 77, no. 6, p. 066212, 2008. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.77.066212.
[113] Y. Maistrenko, O. Popovych, O. Burylko, and P. A. Tass, "Mechanism of desynchronization in the finite-dimensional Kuramoto model,"
Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 93, no. 8, pp. 084102, 2004. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.084102.
[114] R. Adler, "A study of locking phenomena in oscillators," Proc. IRE,
vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 351-357, 1946. doi: 10.1109/JRPROC.1946.229930.
[115] A. Buonomo and A. L. Schiavo, "Analytical approach to the study
of injection-locked frequency dividers," IEEE Trans Circuits Syst. I: Reg.
Papers, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 51-62, 2012. doi: 10.1109/TCSI.2012.2215716.

66 	

[116] V. Pourahmad, F. Khoeini, and E. Afshari, "A system of two coupled
oscillators with a continuously controllable phase shift," IEEE Trans Circuits Syst. I: Reg. Papers, vol. 66, no. 4, pp. 1531-1543, 2019. doi: 10.1109/
TCSI.2018.2887239.
[117] A. Mirzaei and H. Darabi, "Mutual pulling between two oscillators," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 360-372, 2013. doi:
10.1109/JSSC.2013.2290298.
[118] N. C. Kuo, J. C. Chien, and A. M. Niknejad, "Design and analysis on
bidirectionally and passively coupled QVCO with nonlinear coupler,"
IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn, vol. 63, no. 4, pp. 1130-1141, 2015. doi:
10.1109/TMTT.2015.2407356.
[119] A. Mirzaei and A. A. Abidi, "The spectrum of a noisy free-running
oscillator explained by random frequency pulling," IEEE Trans Circuits Syst. I: Reg. Papers, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 642-653, 2010. doi: 10.1109/
TCSI.2009.2024970.
[120] B. Catli and M. M. Hella, "Triple-push operation for combined oscillation/divison functionality in millimeter-wave frequency synthesizers," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 45, no. 8, pp. 1575-1589, 2010. doi:
10.1109/JSSC.2010.2049915.
[121] A. Mirzaei, M. E. Heidari, R. Bagheri, S. Chehrazi, and A. A. Abidi,
"The quadrature LC oscillator: A complete portrait based on injection
locking," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 42, no. 9, pp. 1916-1932, 2007.
doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2007.903047.
[122] S. Shekhar et al., "Strong injection locking in low-Q LC oscillators: Modeling and application in a forwarded-clock I/O receiver," IEEE
Trans Circuits Syst. I: Reg. Papers, vol. 56, no. 8, pp. 1818-1829, 2009. doi:
10.1109/TCSI.2009.2027509.
[123] X. Yi, C. C. Boon, H. Liu, J. F. Lin, and W. M. Lim, "A 57.9-to-68.3 GHz
24.6 mW frequency synthesizer with in-phase injection-coupled QVCO
in 65 nm CMOS technology," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 49, no. 2, pp.
347-359, 2013. doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2013.2293021.
[124] A. Nikoofard, S. Kananian, and A. Fotowat-Ahmady, "Off-resonance
oscillation, phase retention, and orthogonality modeling in quadrature
oscillators," IEEE Trans Circuits Syst. I: Reg. Papers, vol. 63, no. 6, pp.
883-894, 2016. doi: 10.1109/TCSI.2016.2546438.
[125] J. C. Chien and A. M. Niknejad, "Oscillator-based reactance sensors with injection locking for high-throughput flow cytometry using
microwave dielectric spectroscopy," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 51,
no. 2, pp. 457-472, 2015. doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2015.2500362.
[126] A. Tofangdarzade, A. Tofangdarzade, and N. Saniei, "Strong injection locking and pulling in LC multiphase oscillators with multiple injection signals," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II, Exp. Briefs, vol. 66, no. 8, pp.
1336-1340, 2019. doi: 10.1109/TCSII.2018.2889148.
[127] X. Yi et al., "A 93.4-104.8-GHz 57-mW fractional-N cascaded PLL
with true in-phase injection-coupled QVCO in 65-nm CMOS technology," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 67, no. 6, pp. 2370-2381,
2019. doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2019.2906614.
[128] B. Hong and A. Hajimiri, "A phasor-based analysis of sinusoidal
injection locking in LC and ring oscillators," IEEE Trans Circuits Syst.
I: Reg. Papers, vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 355 -368, 2019. doi: 10.1109/TCSI.
2018.2860045.
[129] B. Hong and A. Hajimiri, "A general theory of injection locking and
pulling in electrical oscillators-Part I: Time-synchronous modeling and
injection waveform design," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 54, no. 8, pp.
2109-2121, 2019. doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2019.2908753.
[130] B. Hong and A. Hajimiri, "A general theory of injection locking
and pulling in electrical oscillators-Part II: Amplitude modulation
in LC oscillators, transient behavior, and frequency division," IEEE
J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 54, no. 8, pp. 2122-2139, 2019. doi: 10.1109/
JSSC.2019.2908763.
[131] H. A. Tanaka, A. J. Lichtenberg, and S. I. Oishi, "Self-synchronization of coupled oscillators with hysteretic responses," Physica D, vol.
100, nos. 3-4, pp. 279-300, 1997. doi: 10.1016/S0167-2789(96)00193-5.
[132] D. Subbarao and B. S. Uma, "Self-organization on a power system,"
IEEE Power Eng. Rev., vol. 21, no. 12, pp. 59-62, 2001.
[133] G. Filatrella, A. H. Nielsen, and N. F. Pedersen, "Analysis of a power
grid using a Kuramoto-like model," Eur. Phys. J. B, vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 485-
491, 2008. doi: 10.1140/epjb/e2008-00098-8.
[134] F. Dörfler and F. Bullo, "Synchronization and transient stability in
power networks and nonuniform Kuramoto oscillators," SIAM J. Control
Optim, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 1616-1642, 2012. doi: 10.1137/110851584.
[135] J. M. V. Grzybowski, E. E. N. Macau, and T. Yoneyama, "On synchronization in power-grids modelled as networks of second-order

IEEE CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS MAGAZINE 		

THIRD QUARTER 2020



IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020

Contents
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - Cover1
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - Cover2
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - Contents
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 2
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 3
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 4
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 5
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 6
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 7
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 8
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 9
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 10
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 11
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 12
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 13
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 14
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 15
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 16
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 17
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 18
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 19
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 20
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 21
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 22
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 23
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 24
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 25
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 26
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 27
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 28
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 29
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 30
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 31
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 32
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 33
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 34
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 35
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 36
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 37
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 38
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 39
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 40
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 41
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 42
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 43
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 44
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 45
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 46
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 47
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 48
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 49
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 50
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 51
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 52
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 53
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 54
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 55
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 56
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 57
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 58
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 59
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 60
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 61
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 62
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 63
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 64
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 65
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 66
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 67
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - 68
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - Cover3
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q3 2020 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2023Q3
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2023Q2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2023Q1
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2022Q4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2022Q3
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2022Q2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2022Q1
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2021Q4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2021q3
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2021q2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2021q1
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2020q4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2020q3
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2020q2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2020q1
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2019q4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2019q3
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2019q2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2019q1
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2018q4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2018q3
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2018q2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/circuitsandsystems_2018q1
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com