Computational Intelligence - February 2015 - 51

distinguish between xl = 40 °C and
x m = 50 °C, where each will have different secondary membership values.
In [6], we presented a CWW framework employing LGT2 (whose high
level architecture is shown in Figure 5c)
where the proposed architecture can
accomplish a human-like reasoning via
words integrating memory for learning
and experience folding. Figure 6a shows
the system in operation in the University
of Essex intelligent apartment (iSpace)
where the proposed system was used to
provide a meal recipe recommendation
system. This system engages in a spoken
dialogue with the user to understand
how busy they are, how tired they are
and what appetite they have. The system
then ends up suggesting recipes that suit
the user. Once, the user approves a recipe, the ingredients are passed to a
humanoid (NAO) robot (as shown in
Figure 6b) that engage in a dialogue
with the user in case the user is missing
some ingredients where the robot can
suggest substitutes that can fit the given
recipe. The system can be helpful for disabled people and it can also be used to
enhance the user comfort. The system
has been tested with a large number of
users and with various recipes, which
validates the use of CWW as a powerful
technology to allow more natural
human-computer interfaces in AIEs.
6. Conclusions and Future Work

This paper presented research results
from the Scaleup project demonstrating

Guest Editorial

the role that type-2 FLSs (which are
capable of handling and modelling high
uncertainty levels) can play in the
efforts to realize AIEs. We showed an
interval type-2 FLS which can automatically detect, summarize and easily
search through visual context information in AmI spaces occupied by multiple users. In addition, we presented
interval type-2 fuzzy based systems for
blending real and virtual realities allowing the collaboration of people distributed over dispersed geographical locations. Furthermore, we presented how
type-2 FLSs can enable developing natural CWW communication with
humans which can allow computers to
disappear in the users' spaces.
For our current and future work, we
are investigating employing type-2 FLSs
for wireless communication management in densely populated smart cities
where the growth trends in wireless
communications suggest that the data
requirements in near future will exceed
the limits of available wireless spectra
[10]. Conventional approaches involve
installing more Base Stations (BSs) or
offload some of the traffic onto unlicensed WiFi bands which is not scalable
and risky [10]. We are working on new
type-2 fuzzy logic based systems for
tethering over TV white-space (TVWS)
with cellular based access mechanisms.
The proposed type-2 fuzzy logic based
system can operate on the possible
hotspot-slave configuration shown in
Figure 6c to provide a scalable and cost-

effective approach in dense wireless
areas. This will be achieved by having
users' devices acting as hotspots that
tether/relay the data to and from their
corresponding slaves over TVWS. The
system can iteratively cluster the nodes
into hostspots and slaves and allocate
resources in order to optimize the network transmission power.
References

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[10] H. Tabrizi, G. Farhadi, and J. Cioffi, "Tethering over
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opportunity to thank all the authors for
their submissions. We are also indebted
to a small army of referees who have

put in the hard work and the long
hours to review each paper in a timely
and professional way. We would like to

thank the Editor in Chief Prof. H. Ishibuchi for providing us valuable and
enormous assistance.

FEBRUARY 2015 | IEEE CompUtAtIonAl IntEllIgEnCE mAgAzInE

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Computational Intelligence - February 2015