IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 38
Figures 3 and 4 show the temperature (T) and humidity
(H) for Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu, respectively. Table II
shows the results of the KPSS test run on CC, TR, T and H
signals of Maharashtra.
As can be seen from the results, the KPSS test rejects the
null hypothesis in favor of the alternative for the signals CC
and the TR with a relatively small P-value (compared to the
significance level 0.1) in all forms of the signals associated with
the specified auto-covariance lags 7, 9, and 11. These signals
therefore are considered non-stationary. The opposite results are
obtained for the signals T and H, as can be seen from the table.
Likewise, Table III shows the results of the KPSS test run
on each signal CC, TR, T, and H of Tamil Nadu. The KPSS
test rejects the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative for the
signals CC, TR, and H with a relatively small P-value (compared to the significance level 0.1) in all forms of the signals
38
associated with the specified auto-covariance lags 7, 9, and 11.
These signals are thus considered non-stationary. The opposite
results are obtained for the signal T as seen from the table.
In the next section, more complicated signals, i.e. all signals
except TR, are decomposed into some stationary and non-stationary modes using an advanced signal decomposition technique. This will further help in using features with low level of
irregularities in the training process, which can further improve
training results.
B. Signal Decomposition Using VMD
This section proposes to decompose complex signals (CC, T,
and H) into their stationary and non-stationary oscillatory
modes using an advanced decomposition technique called
Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD). We further use the
non-stationary part of the signals along with the signal TR
100
90
34
Humidity (%)
Temperature (°C)
36
32
30
70
60
28
26
80
0
10
20
30
40 50
Day
(a)
60
70
80
50
90
0
10
20
30
40 50
Day
(b)
60
70
80
90
80
90
FIGURE 3 (a) Temperature, and (b) humidity time series corresponding to Maharashtra as of 24/3/2020 to 21/06/2020.
38
100
90
36
Humidity (%)
Temperature (°C)
37
35
34
33
70
60
50
32
31
80
0
10
20
30
40 50
Day
(a)
60
70
80
90
40
0
10
20
30
40 50
Day
(b)
60
FIGURE 4 (a) Temperature, and (b) humidity time series corresponding to Tamil Nadu as of 24/3/2020 to 21/06/2020.
38
IEEE COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE MAGAZINE | NOVEMBER 2020
70
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020
Contents
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - Cover1
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - Cover2
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - Contents
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 2
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 3
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 4
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 5
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 6
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 7
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 8
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 9
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 10
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 11
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 12
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 13
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 14
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 15
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 16
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 17
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 18
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 19
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 20
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 21
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 22
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 23
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 24
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 25
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 26
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 27
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 28
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 29
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 30
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 31
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 32
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 33
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 34
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 35
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 36
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 37
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 38
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 39
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 40
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 41
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 42
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 43
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 44
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 45
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 46
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 47
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 48
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 49
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 50
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 51
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 52
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 53
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 54
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 55
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 56
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 57
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 58
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 59
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 60
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 61
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 62
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 63
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 64
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 65
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 66
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 67
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 68
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 69
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 70
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 71
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 72
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 73
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 74
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 75
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - 76
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - Cover3
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine - November 2020 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_202311
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_202308
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_202305
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_202302
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_202211
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_202208
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_202205
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_202202
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_202111
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_202108
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_202105
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_202102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_202011
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_202008
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_202005
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_202002
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_201911
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_201908
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_201905
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_201902
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_201811
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_201808
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_201805
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computationalintelligence_201802
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_winter17
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_fall17
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_summer17
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_spring17
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_winter16
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_fall16
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_summer16
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_spring16
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_winter15
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_fall15
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_summer15
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_spring15
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_winter14
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_fall14
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_summer14
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_spring14
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_winter13
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_fall13
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_summer13
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_spring13
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_winter12
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/computational_intelligence_fall12
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com