AUGUST 2021 | IEEE COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE MAGAZINE 53 Branch-m Synapse Synapse Synapse Dendrite Learning Algorithm Condition Cases Constant 1 Condition Constant 0 Condition Direct Condition Inverse Condition Branch-3 Synapse Branch-2 Synapse Branch-1 Synapse Synapse Synapse Dendrite Synapse Synapse Dendrite Synapse Synapse Dendrite Direct Connection 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 x (a) 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 (c) 1 X1 X2 Neuron Architecture Xn Soma 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 x (d) Condition Functions Constant 0 Connection 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 x Constant 1 Connection 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 x (b) Inverse Connection FIGURE 1 Illustration of the DNR architecture. y y y y y y