IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - July 2018 - 22

learning of the dance, which is not easy in traditional dance education. After learning a passage of dance, users may need to
check the learning process and find out what problems exist. The
function of record and replay can be used to promote the user's
reflective learning. When students are aware of the deficiencies
in their own learning, they can improve it correspondingly.

Each movement of the player
can be recognized and scored
according to the comparison to
the corresponding standard
movements in the database.

EVALUATION
METHOD

They are companions and can learn from each other. The evaluation results are the final assessment of their overall dance
movement, and there will be a demonstration of comparative
results to enhance their enjoyment at the end of the dance.
Above all, two users can learn together and enhance learning
enjoyment through competition and cooperation.

PLAYBACK MODE
People will gain new insights through looking back at their
learning process. Playback mode makes it possible for reflective

Participants (n = 60)
Experimental
Group

Control
Group

Video

Four Weeks

Pretest
PAC
Posttest and Assessment

FIGURE 8. The study design and participant assignment to experimental groups.

This research developed the PAC, a hand-waving dance game
based on Kinect, to promote the learning and popularizing of
the hand-waving dance. The effectiveness and usability of the
PAC are key to the dance learning effect. The evaluation of
the PAC sought to answer the following two questions:
1) Did students who learned using the PAC acquire better
dance performances than those who learned using video?
2) Did students who learned using the PAC have higher
learning satisfaction than those who learned using video?
To answer these two questions, we designed a study with
an experimental group and a control group. Participants of the
two groups learned the hand-waving dance in different ways.
In the control group, participants practiced the Tujia dance
Zhanchi (following the video) with a professional Tujia folk
dancer. Participants in the experimental group practiced the
same dance using the PAC and received feedback on their
dance movements after practice. This experiment was used to
test the effectiveness and usability of the PAC against practicing under the instruction of a traditional dance video.

PARTICIPANTS
The 60 participants in this experiment were undergraduates
at Central China Normal University (CCNU), chosen randomly, with ages ranging from 18 to 24 ^M = 21.03 h . None
of the students had never learned dance before but had normal coordination. There were 24 females and six males in
each group. The two Tujia folk dance teachers were from
the dancing school at CCNU, both with rich experience in
dance evaluation.

Camera 1

Camera 2

(a)

(b)

FIGURE 9. (a) The setup of the experimental group. (b) An on-screen view of the dance movements.

22 IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine

july 2018

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - July 2018