IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - July 2018 - 49

sEmistructurED intErviEws anD QuEstionnairEs
Immediately after the completion of the main experimental
session, semistructured interviews lasting up to 15 min were
conducted. All of the participants were asked to explain their
criteria for choosing either the DrM or the CrM and whether
they would have made a different choice had they known the
outcome (nudity). When participants indicated that their
choice of mirror was relevant to the salesman's presence, they
were asked to elaborate. They were also asked to talk about
the dominant emotion they had previously stated feeling while
still wearing the HMD. Groups B and C were asked to express
their overall impression toward the salesman in regards to
realism, level of copresence, and level of social presence.
More specifically, participants were asked to discuss their
level of awareness of other individuals' presence (particularly
the salesman's) at the moment of the VB's exposure. However,
due to the variant experimental conditions as well as choice of
mirrors, this question was phrased differently for each participant. For instance, if participants in either group B or C chose
the CrM, they were asked to remember if they had looked
through the mirror's reflection to locate where the salesman
was in an attempt to check whether he was looking at them
(which he was indeed programmed or scripted to do). Participants in group A were asked to remember if during the
moment of exposure they wondered who might be looking.
All participants completed a five-point Likert scale
questionnaire immediately after the semistructured interview.
(The full questionnaire is available in [23].) In total, group A
answered 17 questions divided into three sets, and groups B
and C answered 30 questions divided into four sets.

All of the participants were asked
to explain their criteria for
choosing either the DrM or the
CrM and whether they would have
made a different choice had they
known the outcome (nudity).
For all of the three groups (A, B, and C), the first two sets
of questions were identical. Both the first set, which measured the sense of presence, and the second set, which determined BOI (consisting of seven and three questions,
respectively), were formed by combining several previous
studies, including an analytical discussion of VR-related
questionnaires [9], [19], [20]. BOI was determined by asking
the participants several direct questions.
▼ What was your sense of ownership when looking down?
▼ What was your sense of ownership when looking at the
reflection?
▼ What was your sense of ownership due to real-to-virtual
head-movement correspondence?
The third and fourth sets of questions made reference to
the effect of the scenery, the presence of the male and female
researchers, the participants' sense of embarrassment, as well
as any possible bias due to either researcher's gender. These
sets were combined into one set of questions for group A

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)
FiGuRe 6. (a) A participant controlling the 3-D avatar using a wireless controller while wearing an HMD and a wireless headset. (b) The
virtual clothing store shared between the salesman and the participants. (c) The salesman actor wearing an audio headset along with a
motion capture suit equipped with retroreflective markers, enabling the capture of his motion in real time and its transfer to the salesman's 3-D avatar. (d) A participant's viewpoint through the Trinus VR.

July 2018

IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine

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