IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 10

Privacy and Security by Design

Figure 2. Vision of IoE with human-in-the-loop driving the need for security and privacy for device, person,
location, and data.

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THIS ARTICLE

10

Problem Definition-Blockchain Bottlenecks
In an IoE environment, most of the "things"
are low power and low performance devices. Various other characteristics of the devices, such as
security and privacy, power consumption, and
computational ability become bottlenecks when
integrating a blockchain environment into the
IoE. The blockchain has been computationally
intensive since its introduction. So, there are
some challenges that need to be dealt with before
integrating it into IoE environments.

proposed in this article, Proof of PUF-Enabled
Authentication (PoP). A PUF and hashing module
is used in the blockchain, and the unique keys
generated by a PUF module present in the devices are used in the cryptographic hashing function. The keys generated by the PUF module act
as a unique identifier for the respective device
and raw keys are not transmitted over the network, which makes the algorithm more robust.
the use of the PUF and hashing module also
reduces the load on the main processor and
reduces transaction times.

A Novel Solution: PUFChain
As a solution to these issues, a novel blockchain, called "PUFChain," which can be integrated
into a resource constrained IoT environment is
presented in this article. It uses physical unclonable functions (PUFs) for its enhanced security
and scalability.12 A PUF and Hashing module
reduces the computational strain on the main
processor, thus, making it ideal to be integrated
into most scenarios. With ultralow power designs
of the PUF, the power overhead can also be significantly reduced.

Modes of Operation of PUFchain
PUFChain can be operated in two configurations: (1) PUF mode and (2) PUFchain mode. As
the name suggests, PUF mode utilizes only the
PUF module present in the system for cryptographic purposes. The PUF keys can be utilized
for various applications including the assignment
of device IDs and for encryption of data stored
locally or communication. The other configuration is the PUFChain mode, which uses the entire
module, PUF, and hashing module and implements the blockchain in the network.

A Novel Consensus Algorithm: POP
For the integration of the blockchain into IoT
architectures, a new consensus algorithm is

TYPES OF BLOCKCHAIN
Blockchain technology can be of various
types (see Figure 3).1 The blockchain uses the

IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine



IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020

Contents
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - Cover1
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - Cover2
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - Contents
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 2
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 3
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 4
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 5
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 6
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 7
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 8
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 9
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 10
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 11
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 12
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 13
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 14
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 15
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 16
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 17
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 18
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 19
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 20
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 21
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 22
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 23
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 24
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 25
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 26
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 27
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 28
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 29
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 30
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 31
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 32
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 33
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 34
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 35
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 36
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 37
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 38
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 39
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 40
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 41
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 42
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 43
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 44
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 45
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 46
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 47
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 48
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 49
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 50
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 51
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 52
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 53
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 54
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 55
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 56
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 57
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 58
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 59
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 60
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 61
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 62
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 63
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 64
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 65
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 66
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 67
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 68
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 69
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 70
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 71
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 72
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 73
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 74
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 75
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 76
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 77
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 78
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 79
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 80
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 81
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 82
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 83
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 84
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 85
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 86
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 87
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 88
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 89
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 90
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 91
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 92
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 93
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 94
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 95
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 96
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 97
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 98
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 99
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 100
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 101
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 102
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 103
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 104
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 105
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 106
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 107
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 108
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 109
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 110
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 111
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 112
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 113
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 114
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 115
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - 116
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - Cover3
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March/April 2020 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20240102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20231112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20230910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20230708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20230506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20230304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20230102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20221112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20220910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20220708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20220506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20220304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20220102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20211112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20210910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20210708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20210506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20210304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_202010
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_202009
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_202007
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_202004
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_202003
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_202001
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201909
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201907
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201905
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201903
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201811
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201809
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201807
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201805
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201803
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_july2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_april2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_january2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_october2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_july2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_april2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_january2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_october2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_july2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_april2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_january2015
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com