IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - November/December 2020 - 20

5G in Consumer Electronics

Table 1. System simulation parameters.
Parameters

Setting

Cell layout

Hexagonal grid, 19 three-sector sites

System bandwidth

4, 6, 8, 10, 12 MHz

Carrier frequency

2 GHz

Total number of RB

50

Intercell distance

100, 300, 500, 700, 900 m

Average user
number

2, 5, 10, 15, 20 per sector

Velocity of user

3 km/h

Maximum transmit
power Pmax

23 dBm

Noise power
spectrum density
Large scale
pathloss

À174 dBm/Hz
128:1 þ 37:6log 10 ðd½kmÞ

Shadowing fading
Penetration loss
Power control
strategy

Log-normal distribution with zero-mean and
8 dB standard deviation
20 dB
Open-loop power control

out such that the compliance of the allocated
RBs with the DFT implementation requirement
and the multiresolution signal compatibility can
be guaranteed.

SIMULATION RESULTS

Numerical studies are carried out to show the
gain of clustered DFT-s-OFDM over its localized
counterpart, where there are a total of 19 sites
with 3 sectors per site in a hexagonal grid. The
uplink bandwidth is 10 MHz, constituting 50 RBs,
and the intersite distance (ISD) is set to 500 m,
otherwise specified. The transmission time interval is 1 ms. We assume that UEs are uniformly
distributed per site. The key simulation parameters are taken from 3GPP11 and listed in Table 1.
Figure 3 provides the empirical cumulative
distribution function (CDF) of the average rate
per user when B&B is adopted in localized and
clustered DFT-s-OFDM. It is shown that there is a
remarkable gap between localized and clustered
DFT-s-OFDM, especially in the case of a small
number of users, e.g., five users. The gap is

20

Figure 3. Empirical CDF of user's average rate
under B&B.

contributed by the users with strong channel
gains to exploit the flexibility of clustered of
DFT-s-OFDM. It can also be seen that the gap narrows down, as the number of users increases.
Figure 4 compares the clustered and localized DFT-s-OFDM in terms of average rate per
sector, with an increasing number of users. We
can see that, as the number of users increases,
the average sector rate grows by using the B&B
method in both cases of localized and clustered
DFS-s-OFDM. The growth of the rate is due to the
increasing multiuser diversity. We can also see
that clustered DFT-s-OFDM is able to yield a gain
of 11% over its localized counterpart, e.g., when
there are five users. This is due to the flexibility
that clustered DFT-s-OFDM ushers in. However,
these gains decrease as the user number
increases, and diminish when there are more
than 20 users.
On the other hand, Figure 4 also compares
different scheduling techniques for the implementation of clustered DFT-s-OFDM. We can see
that the multiresolution clustered RP method is

Figure 4. Average sector throughput versus user
number.

IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine

IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - November/December 2020

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