IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - May/June 2021 - 72

Column: Professional Development
Development
An Introduction to Deep
Learning Research for
Alzheimer's Disease
Hoang Nguyen
University of Missouri at Kansas City
Narisa N. Chu
CWLab International
Abstract-This tutorial explains the evolving approaches on deep learning (DL) modeling
and their dependence on statistically comprehensive datasets as input in various brain
scan neuroimages. Powerful visual modalities, e.g., magnetic resonance images and
positron emission tomography, can show neural changes during Alzheimer's disease (AD)
development. Computer vision's recent success has lent impetus to numerous DL
modeling publications reporting accuracy above 90%, using AD NeuroImage (ADNI)
datasets. However, several limitations exist when using DL for AD image interpretation.
Due to the lack of a comprehensive dataset and medical images' complexity, there is little
to no clinical value in such DL approaches. Furthermore, many of the published research
results in the field are not comparable in experimenting with the ADNI datasets without
well-accepted evaluation criteria. This tutorial describes the fundamentals and gaps in
applying DL methodology over ADNI datasets.
& ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) is an irreversible,
progressive neurological disorder common in late
life, slowly destroying brain cells leading to memory
loss. It is the leading cause of death among the
elderly in developed countries, and the number of
AD patients is expected to triple to 152 million by
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MCE.2020.3048254
Date ofpublication 30 December 2020; date ofcurrent
version 13 April 2021.
2050 globally.1 Consequently, the patient cannot
perform communication and normal daily activities,
e.g., speaking, dressing up oneself, etc. Moreover,
the cost of nursing for AD patients is
expected to increasingly expensive. AD is the
most common type of dementia, attributing to
60%-80% of the total number of dementia cases.
Early and accurate diagnose, capturing the initial
stage of AD, plays a crucial role in providing
appropriate treatments. A reasonable goal is to
prolong senior's independence by avoidingAD.
72
2162-2248 ß 2020 IEEE
Published by the IEEE Consumer Technology Society
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine

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