IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - September/October 2021 - 60

Energy and Security
Figure 3. Graph theory-based cryptosystem.
enumeration problems is known as #P problems
(see Figure 3).
In the aforementioned graph theoretic
encryption if an intruder wants to decrypt the
message without a valid key, the hacker either
has to flip every bit of the encrypted message or
has to enumerate all cliques of all orders in the
encrypted graph. Both these methods take exponential
time, whereas if the receiver has a valid
key, then the decryption of the encrypted message
can be done in linear time.
APPLICATIONS OF PROPOSED
ROBUST CRYPTOSYSTEM
Unlike a conventional symmetric cryptosystem,
this model could be used in various domains,
including the IoT-cloud, IoT-edge/fog computing,
vehicular technology, and healthcare technology.4-6
This model will reduce the chances of possible
network attacks by increasing complexity for
the attackers. Therefore, data communication over
an insecure network will be relatively secure than
the current approach. The smart applications,
such as smart cities/villages and smart healthcare,
will be secure and scalable by meeting the purpose
of deployment with our new cryptosystems.
CONCLUSION
Introducing graph theory and clique injection
will set the bar higher for an attacker to
break the cryptosystem and extract the original
plaintext. The cryptosystem should deploy and
experiment in both simulation and testbed environments
to validate by designing possible network
threat models.
60
&REFERENCES
1. D. R. Stinson and M. Paterson, Cryptography: Theory
and Practice. Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press, 2018.
2. D. Puthal, S. Nepal, R. Ranjan, and J. Chen, " DLSeF: A
dynamic key-length-based efficient real-time security
verification model for big data stream, " ACMTrans.
EmbeddedComput. Syst.,vol.16,no.2,pp.1-24,2016.
3. J. A. Bondy et al., Graph TheoryWith Applications, vol.
290. London, U.K.: Macmillan, 1976.
4. D. Puthal, S. P. Mohanty, S. Wilson, and U. Choppali,
" Collaborative edge computing for smart villages, "
IEEEConsum. Electron. Mag., to be published,
doi: 10.1109/MCE.2021.3051813.
5. V. P. Yanambaka, S. P. Mohanty, E. Kougianos, and
D. Puthal, " PMsec: Physical unclonable function-based
robust and lightweight authentication in the Internet of
Medical Things, " IEEETrans. Consum. Electron.,vol.65,
no. 3, pp. 388-397, Aug. 2019.
6. V. K. Kukkala, J. Tunnell, S. Pasricha, and T. Bradley,
" Advanced driver-assistance systems: A path toward
autonomous vehicles, " IEEEConsum. Electron. Mag.,
vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 18-25, Aug. 2018.
Deepak Puthal is currently an Assistant Professor
with the School of Computing, Newcastle University,
Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K. Contact him at deepak.
puthal@newcastle.ac.uk.
Srinibas Swain is currently an Assistant Professor
with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
IIIT Guwahati, Guwahati, India. Contact him
at srinibas@iiitg.ac.in.
Saraju P. Mohanty is currently a Professor with
the Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.
Contact him at smohanty@ieee.org.
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MCE.2021.3051813
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - September/October 2021

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