IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - September/October 2021 - 67

Can Contribute, " it is capable of mitigating the
challenges mentioned above.
Blockchain for Security: As immutable data structures,
Blockchain records transactions as a
block in a distributed peer-to-peer network that
protects a single point failure issue. The cryptography
hash of all transactions is used as a level
that covers data modifications. In contrast,
cross-verification of terms and conditions for
every transaction is being justified through a
consensus process.9 It has a certificate authority
(CA) for users' credential management and
ensures authorized users access the private BC
platform.
PROPOSED BLOCKCHAIN-BASED
GLOBAL INFORMATION SHARING
ARCHITECTURE
The proposed global medical data sharing
architecture has been depicted in Figure 2. The
architecture is applicable for every national level
medical data center, which are either blockchain-based
or blockchain compatible.
Infectious disease-related symptoms (e.g.,
body temperature) are collected from various
levels in IoMT. Healthcare data are being processed
through applications while smart contracts
and certificates are verified at the
application level. Applications forward data to
the national-level peers, where the peer executes
the transactions as a leader with other Blockchain
architecture components. Every national
level network has at least one peer responsible
for global collaboration, also recognized in this
article as a gateway peer (GP). The specialized
GP from every national peer network forms a
global peer network (GPN) responsible for
exchanging and approving global-level transactions
based upon predefined policy.
Physical Level
Infectious data are collected by the collaborative
task of the physical and application level.
Any contiguous medical data (e.g., COVID-19)
are sourced from diverse places using various
IoMT data screening and monitoring. The physical
level consists of a CA and application, where
logical and security instructions are executed in
the application.
September/October 2021
Figure 2. Proposed blockchain architecture for
Global Data Sharing-The GlobeChain.
Certificate Authority: CA is mainly responsible for
registration and unique credential generation for
every participant in the BC network. A national
network may have multiple CAs, which must be
capable of collaborating with each other. For
example, Alice wants to travel from country A to
country B as a COVID-19 +ve patient. As a local
user of country A, CAA shares credentials to CAB
with the help of national CA/CAs, which are
linked with Global Certificate authority (GCA).
Applications: The application is a registered
entity that works as a front-end platform for
users and devices. Any registered application
executes the smart contract and other certificates
such as transport layer security (TLS) to
ensure the user's authentication and validation.
It prepares the unstructured transactions with
the help of SDK executable in peers. Finally,
peer confirmed transactions are acknowledged
through the application.
National Peer Network (NPN)
NPN is structured with multiple peers (see
Figure 1). Different health organizations forward
transactions to the nearest peer through the application
or Blockchain compatible server. Peers validate
transactions based upon smart contracts and
return to the leader. Leader forms a block including
simultaneously generated transactions with
67
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - September/October 2021

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - September/October 2021
