IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2022 - 63

Table 2. Energy per cycle of one round of PRESENT-80 implemented with CMOS and 2-EE-SPFAL.
Energy per cycle (pJ)
CMOS
2-EE-SPFAL
100 kHz
1.1
0.27
500 kHz
0.54
0.25
compared to CMOS. However, it is important to
validate the security of 2-EE-SPFAL. The S-Box
layer of PRESENT-80 is chosen as the attack
point (see Figure 10). The CPA attack is performed
by following the steps described by Wu
et al.14 The simulation was performed at
12.5 MHz with a 100 fF load. The sinusoidal wave
implementation of 2-EE-SPFAL was used as the
test circuit. Practical CPA attacks usually require
greater than 100 000 traces to be successful.
However, we are performing a simulation which is
absent from electrical noise and therefore we
0.25
0.41
0.27
0.40
0.30
1 MHz 5 MHz 10 MHz 12.5 MHz 25 MHz
0.46
0.40
0.30
0.40
0.31
require much fewer traces. We have chosen
80 samples per clock period thus we will sample
every 1 ns assuming a clock period of 80 ns.
5120 input traces were necessary to complete a
successful CPA attack on the CMOS-based design
of PRESENT-80. Figure 13(a) shows a successful
CPA attack on a CMOS implementation of
PRESENT-80.
While the CMOS key was revealed in
5120 traces, the 2-EE-SPFAL implementation of
PRESENT-80 did not reveal the key in greater
than 12 000 traces. Figure 13(b) shows an unsuccessful
CPA attack against the 2-EE-SPFAL implemented
PRESENT-80. This case study shows
2-EE-SPFAL is a promising candidate for secure
and low energy smart electronic devices.
CONCLUSION
In this article, we have demonstrated the
applicability of secure two-phase adiabatic logic
as a novel computing paradigm to design low
energy and secure smart electronic devices. One
round of PRESENT-80 is designed using both
standard CMOS and adiabatic design principles
as a case study. The circuits were analyzed and
simulated using Cadence Spectre. The results
show significant energy savings between the adiabatic
design and the CMOS design. Along with
energy savings, the adiabatic implementation of
PRESENT-80 was able to keep the key secret
when a CPA attack was performed on the circuit.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This work was supported by National Science
Foundation CAREER Award No. 1845448.
Figure 13. CPA performed on both CMOS
and 2-EE-SPFAL implementation of PRESENT-80.
(a) Successful CPA attack on CMOS based
implementation of 1 round of PRESENT-80.
(b) Unsuccessful CPA Attack on 2-EE-SPFAL
based implementation of 1 round of PRESENT-80.
January/February 2022
&REFERENCES
1. H. Thapliyal, " Internet of things-based consumer
electronics: Reviewing existing consumer electronic
devices, systems, and platforms and exploring new
research paradigms, " IEEEConsum. Electron. Mag.,
vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 66-67, Jan. 2018.
63

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