IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2022 - 65

Theme Article: Special Section on Security and
Sustainability Technologies for Smart Cities
Technologies
FinderX: A Bluetooth
Beacon-Based System
for Designing Sustainable
Green Smart Cities
Raiful Hasan and Ragib Hasan
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Abstract-Cities offer extensive facilities to enrich the quality of life by utilizing smart
devices and sensors. The Internet of Things and smart sensors connect various city
services with the inhabitants. The services should be convenient and accessible to all,
especially pedestrians and people with visual impairment. However, the lack of
information about service locations often limits their availability and use. To this end, we
developed FinderX, a Bluetooth beacon-based system to search for the nearest services
and amenities. FinderXidentifies the locations of nearby amenities in real time using the
signal from attached beacons. The system does not require Internet or other
communication infrastructure and can function where the GPS signal is inaccessible. To
demonstrate the feasibility of FinderX, we set up a testbed and evaluated the system in an
urban environment. We show that FinderXhas adequate usability and feasibility and it
reduces the time to find the amenities by 18.98% on average. We also demonstrate that
Bluetooth beacons have a lower horizontal error compared to GPS in micropositioning
(where semi-indoor or surrounding infrastructure limits signal accessibility), which
motivates the use of Bluetooth beacons for such applications.
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MCE.2021.3076290
Date ofpublication 28 April 2021; date ofcurrent version
6 December 2021.
January/February 2022
Published by the IEEE Consumer Technology Society
2162-2248 ß 2021 IEEE
65

IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2022

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