IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - September/October 2022 - 34

Video Technology
Table 4. Coding Efficiency (BD-rate) Results With Respect to Rav1e.
BD-rate (%)
Class
A
PeopleOnStreet
BasketballDrive
B
BQTerrace
Cactus
Kimono
ParkScene
BasketballDrill
BQMall
C
PartyScene
RaceHorses
BasketballPass
BQSquare
D
BlowingBubbles
RaceHorses
E
FourPeople
Johnny
KristenAndSara
F
BasketballDrillText
ChinaSpeed
SlideEditing
Average
SlideShow
97.7
Sequence
Traffic
x264 x265 omxh264enc nvv4l2h264enc nvv4l2h265enc
55.6
72.8
108
22.8
46.3
275.9 170
129.1
114.8
185.2
87.2
105.3
87.7
47.7
64.4
72.2
47.4
44.9
54.3
122.4
216.9
134.7
73.1
51.5
-12.4
65.8
45.1
70.1
65.7
70.4
50.1
43.9
441
309
276
27.6
30
25.8
20.4
53.4
94.3
53.4
27.3
24.7
-21
13.9
76.9
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
94.4
71
59.7
136.4
N/A
63.1
43.4
84
34.2
116.2
43.1
111.7
55.3
N/A
87.8
100.5
69.3
107.2
291.1
145.7
121.1
175.6
89.4
57.1
88.2
54.4
67.8
71.9
58.1
49.9
57.6
115.9
214.7
130.6
79.6
65
-1
101.7
108.3
96.3
275.8
147
93.7
112.1
80.7
112.2
108.2
74
66.7
81.4
88.5
66.8
47.2
117.1
169.4
126.7
99
131.5
70.3
162.8
with lower resolution sequences. However,
x265 cannot encode any type of stream in
real time.
Furthermore, it can be observed that the
encoders compress faster on the Jetson Nano,
regardless of the encoder being analyzed.
The last three columns show the computing
time in frames per second of the three hardware
encoders of the three hardware encoders,
namely omxh264enc (omxh264), nvv4l2h264enc
(nvv264), and nvv4l2h265enc (nvv265). It should
be mentioned that, in the omxh264 results, the
first two sets of rows are filled with N/A, because
the Raspberry Pi was not able to encode those
34
sequences by means of hardware, due to their
high resolution.
It can be observed that the hardware
encoders which ran on the Jetson Nano encoded
the sequences at a higher speed than the H.264/
AVC encoder did on the Raspberry Pi. With this
data, we can say that the Raspberry Pi allows
the streaming of videos of lower resolutions
than HD in real time. Also, the Raspberry Pi's
hardware encoder shows an irregular encoding
speed since the encoding time varies considerably.
In the case of the Jetson Nano, real-time
encoding of the HD and 4K streams is possible
with both the encoders analyzed.
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine

IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - September/October 2022

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