IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - September/October 2022 - 41

Feature Article:
Digital Imaging and Display Technologies
Technologies
Real-Time 2D-to-3D
Conversion for Television
Broadcasting Based on
Embedded System
Shih-Chang Hsia, Szu-Hong Wang, and
Ho-Cheng Tsai
National Yunlin University of Science and
Technology
Abstract-In this article, we present an efficient 3-D display technique that employs
current 2-D television (TV) channels. First, a gradient background depth is generated for
the still region. To create a stereo effect, multiple objects are detected and segmented
using the binary format. Object depth is estimated according to the object size and its
location. Depth value is assigned as a proportion of the object size using the linear
quantitative method. Each object size is calculated and its depth value is proportional to
the size parameter. If an object is the largest one and is located in the central region, the
maximum depth value is assigned. For real-time implementation, dual advanced RISC
machine (ARM) cores perform the task using the algorithm of the proposed stereo
conversion. Our results show that a low-cost embedded system can perform the proposed
3-D algorithm, with a processing time of 43 ms per frame. The signal from a TV channel can
be sampled and converted to a 3-D format display on a conventional LCD screen.
& IN THE COMING decades, stereo images will be
used for a variety of applications, including stereo
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MCE.2021.3126963
Date ofpublication 10 November 2021; date ofcurrent
version 17August 2022.
television (TV) display, augmented reality (AR),
and virtual reality (VR) system. For TV systems,
TV channels broadcast signals using a 2-D format.
In order to broadcast 3-D signals, the existing TV
channel framework will need to be updated. The
volume of 3-D image information is greater than
that used for traditional 2-D broadcasting, which
September/October 2022
Published by the IEEE Consumer Technology Society
2162-2248 ß 2021 IEEE
41

IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - September/October 2022

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