IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - November/December 2022 - 81

Table 2. Proposed Study Versus Existing Research
Parameters/
methods
Data storage
Security and
privacy
Key
considerations
Security
architecture
Research gap
App. services
Cryptographical
concept
Autonomous
vehicle data
control
Yang et al. 10
Provide only trust
management
Offers only centralize
networks.
Trust management in
the Vehicular Networks
No
Scalability, Availability
No
No
Low
Ortega et al.14
IPFS use for
storing vehicular
data
Security offered
at IPFS
Content
Addressing
Distributed
architecture
Security and
Privacy Issue
No
No
Medium
Data storage as Distributed Hash Table
Provide security and privacy in every
CVN and centralized network as well.
Centralization, Scalability, Availability,
Security, and Privacy
P2P-secured vehicular architecture
Proposed architecture and resolved all
research gap issue
Yes
Yes (SHA-256)
Yes
Proposed work
calculated according to the various city virtual
networks and Blockchain with DHT for smart
contracts. This is related to the consensus algorithm
PoA. Figure 3(a) shows that the gas consumption
of all networks is low with the PoA
algorithm, but blockchain networks have very
low gas consumption for the proposed architecture.
Based on Figure 3(b), Blockchain networks
with DHT are assumed to have very low gas consumption
as well as for addition, deletion, and
sharing of the block in the blockchain networks.
With the ratio of successful communication
transactions and the total number of communications,
we evaluated the average security percentage
in the blockchain networks. Figure 3(c)
presents the average security percentage with
DHT and with IPFS. The proposed architecture
scheme is better because it uses the Blockchain
network with DHT. The storage cost is also analyzed
in Figure 3(d), the proposed scheme data
storage cost is also found to be better than existing
studies. Table 2 compares our work with the
existing research and shows that the proposed
architecture is better compared to existing
research.
CONCLUSION
This study proposed blockchain-based distributed
secure storage for IIoVT. It provides the
November/December 2022
secured storage with a DHT at the cloud layer
with collected data from various CVNs. We also
offer security and privacy in every city-vehicular
network using the blockchain with authentication
and verification by RSUs. According to the
gas consumption of all networks, we validate
proposed architecture results to the consumers.
Finally, we compare the proposed work with the
existing research. In the future, we will see
enhancements of the proposed architecture for
IoVT application in the vehicular smart city's
application with a deep learning-based algorithm
(LSTM, ELM). This algorithm analyzes the data
for future prediction, which is stored at the
cloud layer and offers some useful information
for making the intellectual smart city's vehicular
networks. Because the proposed architecture
has a limitation, automatic data future prediction
should not be applied from the CVN to the
cloud.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This study was supported by the Advanced
Research Project funded by SeoulTech (Seoul
National University of Science and Technology).
This work was supported by the National
Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant
funded by the Korea government (NRF2019R1A2B5B0107041613).
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IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - November/December 2022

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