IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - May/June 2023 - 64

Blockchain Technology to Combat COVID-19
FIGURE 1. Generic IoMT-based blockchain-enabled home monitoring framework.
the replicated data in the blocks among the nodes
using consensus strategies. The stored data are
persistent allowing auditability, but it also ensures
anonymity and untraceability.
Blockchain is compatible with fog computing
as it allows the devices nodes to be used as blockchain
nodes and fog nodes to be used as the miner
nodes. The idle resources available with the nodes
in a fog network canbe used for blockchainmaintenance.
The nodes that allow their idle resources to
used for blockchain processing, can be rewarded
in accordance with the amount of resources provided,
by using an appropriate consensus mechanism.
In recent years, the researchers have
discussed and designed security protocols in fogand
cloud-based IoMT environment using the
blockchain technology.4-7 In addition, it was also
shown that the blockchain technology ismuch viable
solution to tackle COVID-19 situation for
patients' tracking purpose.8-11
SYSTEM MODEL
In the considered system model shown in
Figure 1, we first consider the patients whose
body is equipped with several smart wearable
devices and these devices are connected to each
other to form wireless body area network. These
wearable devices have the capability to sense
vital signs from the patient's body and the
64
collected information (data) are securely sent to
its owned mobile device(s). The mobile devices
then send securely data to the attached fog
sever. The in-charge fog server filters the information
and the useful information is then converted
to the transactions. The transactions are
then encrypted using the public key of the fog
server. Each encrypted transaction is then used
to produce a digital signature using the elliptic
curve digital signature algorithm, say ECDSA.Sig
(.). Once the encrypted transactions and their
signatures are received by the CSs, the blocks
are formed. The created blocks are then mined
in order to validate and add into the private
blockchain. In addition, we have also artificial
intelligence (AI)-based big data analytics module
that is responsible for analyzing the information
stored in the blocks and making correct predictions
on the datasets.
PROPOSED BLOCKCHAIN
FRAMEWORK FOR HOME
MONITORING
In this section, we elaborate the proposed
framework that considers blockchain technology
followed by the AI-based big data analytics.
It is assumed that the patients and their wearable
devices and mobile devices, and fog and
CSs are registered by a trusted registration
authority prior to their deployment/installment
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IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - May/June 2023

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