IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 54

Theme Article: Special Section on Security and
Privacy-Aware Emerging Computing
Vulnerabilities and
Attacks on CAN-Based
3D Printing/Additive
Manufacturing
Tyler Cultice and Himanshu Thapliyal
University of Tennessee
Abstract-Recent advancements in 3D-printing/additive manufacturing has brought forth
a new interest in the use of controller area network (CAN) for multimodule, plug-and-play
bus support for their embedded systems. CAN systems provide a variety of benefits that
can outweigh typical conventional wire-loom protocols in many categories. However,
implementation of CAN also brings forth vulnerabilities provided by its spoofable,
destination-encoded shared communication bus. These vulnerabilities result in
undetectable fault injection, packet manipulation, unauthorized packet logging/sniffing,
and more. They also provide attackers the capability to manipulate all sensor information,
commands, and create unsafe operating conditions using only a single compromised node
on the CAN network (bypassing all root-of-trust in the modules). Thus, malicious hardware
requires only a connection to the bus for access to all traffic. In this article, we discuss the
effects of repurposed CAN-based attacks capable of manipulating sensor data, overriding
systems, and injecting dangerous commands on the CAN using various entry methods. As
a case study, we also showed a spoofing attack on critical data modules within a
commercial 3D printer.
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MCE.2023.3240849
Date ofpublication 3 February 2023; date ofcurrent version
13 October 2023.
54
2162-2248 ß 2023 IEEE
Published by the IEEE Consumer Technology Society
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine

IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024

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