IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 72

Theme Article: Special Section on Security and
Privacy-Aware Emerging Computing
Real-Time Physical Threat
Detection on Edge Data
Using Online Learning
Utsab Khakurel and Danda B. Rawat
Howard University
Abstract-Sensor-powered devices offer safe global connections, cloud scalability and
flexibility, and new business value driven by data. The constraints that have historically
obstructed major innovations in technology can be addressed by advancements in
artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, cloud, quantum computing, and the
ubiquitous availability of data. Edge artificial intelligence refers to the deployment of AI
applications on the edge device near the data source rather than in a cloud computing
environment. Although edge data have been utilized to make inferences in real time
through predictive models, real-time machine learning has not yet been fully adopted.
Real-time machine learning utilizes real-time data to learn on the go, which helps in faster
and more accurate real-time predictions and eliminates the need to store data eradicating
privacy issues. In this article, we present the practical prospect of developing a physical
threat detection system using real-time edge data from security cameras/sensors to
improve the accuracy, efficiency, reliability, security, and privacy of the real-time
inference model.
& ANY SYSTEM OF physical hardware or devices
that receive and transmit data via networks without
human involvement is referred to as an Internet
of Things (IoT) system.8 Some examples of IoT
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MCE.2023.3256641
Date ofpublication 14 March 2023; date ofcurrent version 13
October 2023.
applications include smart cities, healthcare,
smart farming, retail and logistics, and smart
homes. IoT devices are widely utilized to automate
processes, improve performance, and save
energy. 11.7 billion (54%) of the 21.7 billion connected
devices in use in 2021 were IoT devices.
According to IANS,1 there will be 30 billion
(or 75%) active IoT devices by 2025, or an average
of four devices per person. IoT and sensor devices
72
2162-2248 ß 2023 IEEE
Published by the IEEE Consumer Technology Society
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine

IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024

Contents
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - Cover1
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - Cover2
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - Contents
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 2
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 3
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 4
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 5
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 6
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 7
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 8
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 9
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 10
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 11
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 12
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 13
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 14
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 15
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 16
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 17
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 18
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 19
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 20
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 21
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 22
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 23
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 24
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 25
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 26
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 27
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 28
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 29
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 30
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 31
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 32
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 33
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 34
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 35
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 36
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 37
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 38
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 39
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 40
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 41
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 42
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 43
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 44
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 45
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 46
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 47
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 48
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 49
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 50
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 51
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 52
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 53
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 54
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 55
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 56
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 57
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 58
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 59
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 60
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 61
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 62
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 63
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 64
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 65
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 66
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 67
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 68
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 69
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 70
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 71
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 72
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 73
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 74
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 75
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 76
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 77
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 78
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 79
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 80
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 81
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 82
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 83
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 84
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 85
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 86
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 87
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 88
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 89
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 90
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 91
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 92
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 93
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 94
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 95
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 96
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 97
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 98
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 99
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 100
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 101
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 102
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 103
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 104
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - Cover3
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20240102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20231112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20230910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20230708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20230506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20230304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20230102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20221112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20220910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20220708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20220506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20220304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20220102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20211112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20210910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20210708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20210506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_20210304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_202010
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_202009
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_202007
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_202004
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_202003
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_202001
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201909
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201907
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201905
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201903
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201811
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201809
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201807
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201805
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_201803
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_july2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_april2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_january2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_october2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_july2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_april2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_january2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_october2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_july2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_april2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/consumerelectronics_january2015
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com