IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2024 - 88

Special Section on Security and Privacy-Aware Emerging Computing
FIGURE 4. A comparison of authentication
accuracy with classic AI-based algorithms.
FIGURE 6. Authentication accuracy of the SAGIN
using random selected factors.
FP þTN þFNÞ, where TP, FP, TN, and FN
denote true positives, false positives, true negative,
and false negative, respectively. As shown
in Figure 4, with an increase in the percentage of
illegal access, the authentication accuracy
decreases slightly by less than 8%. Besides,
based on the random forest algorithm, the
authentication accuracy can achieve over 92%.
By using the random forest algorithm, the proposed
authentication scheme is robust even if
the percentage of illegal access is high.
Figure 5 illustrates the authentication accuracy
using different numbers of factors. F[1]
means that we only choose Factor 1 and F[1-9]
means that all factors are selected. The results
show that as the number of selected factors
increases, the authentication accuracy also
increases. However, the increase rate decreases,
such that the authentication accuracy using eight
factors is almost the same as that using nine factors.
This indicates that not every factor has the
same contribution to the increase in authentication
accuracy. Therefore, choosing the proper
combination of factors makes lightweight and
effective authentication possible. In Figure 6,we
present the authentication accuracy of a combination
of three factors. The results show that the
combination with Factor 1, Factor 2, and Factor 4
has the highest authentication accuracy. Besides,
combinations with Factor 1 can achieve an average
accuracy of more than 95%, which indicates
that in our simulation scenario, Factor 1 contributes
the most to the ATMAS.
CONCLUSION
In this article, an ATMAS is proposed in
FIGURE 5. Authentication accuracy of the SAGIN
using a different number of factors.
88
which spatial-temporal features are taken into
account, including traffic volume and geographic
location. An AI-based continuous authentication,
referred to as " Phase II, " is performed to intelligently
grant or deny access reliably by capturing
user profiles and traits following a conventional
cryptographic authentication named " Phase I. "
Security analysis is conducted to evaluate the
robustness and validate the security of the proposed
Scheme. Performance evaluation shows
that the mean authentication accuracy achieves
over 92% by ATMAS. Additionally, we analyze
the importance of factors used in our case study,
shedding light on lightweight and efficient
authentication mechanism design. However,
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