IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - April 2017 - 23

but does not transmit or utilize RF energy for any purpose [47 C.F.R. §
15.3(n)]. Incidental radiators include
equipment such as mechanical light
switches and dc current motors. These
devices are very lightly regulated. The
FCC requires only that manufacturers of
incidental radiators employ good engineering practices to diminish the risk of
harmful interference before marketing
(47 C.F.R. § 15.13).

UNINTENTIONAL RADIATORS
An unintentional radiator is a device
that generates RF energy for use within the device or that sends RF signals
by conduction to associated equipment via wiring but does not transmit
RF energy [47 C.F.R. § 15.3(z)]. In
general, any RF device (except an
incidental radiator) that does not
transmit RF energy is classified as an
unintentional radiator.
Many types of CE and IoT devices
are unintentional radiators. Examples
include (but are not limited to) TV and
radio receivers, personal computers and
peripherals, central processing unit
boards and power supplies, radio interface devices, smart battery chargers, and
radar detectors as well as virtually any
RF device containing a secure digital
card that does not contain a transmitter
(see 47 C.F.R. § 15.101).
Unintentional radiators that use digital techniques are subdivided into two
categories:
▼▼ Class A digital devices: digital unintentional radiators marketed for use
in business and industrial environments [47 C.F.R. § 15.3(h)]
▼▼ Class B digital devices: digital unintentional radiators marketed for use
in residential environments [47
C.F.R. § 15.3(i)].
The FCC does not permit Class A
digital devices to be marketed to the
general public [see 47 C.F.R. § 15.3(h)].
Because Class B digital devices are
intended to be sold to the public, they
are subject to more stringent RF interference protection standards than are
Class A digital devices (see, e.g., 47
C.F.R. § 15.109). Accordingly, if a digital device is going to be marketed to the
public, the responsible party should

This FCC label includes a unique identifier, the trade name of the product, the model
number, and whether it is a Class A or Class B digital device. "Home or office" indicates a
Class B device.

ensure that it is clearly categorized as a
Class B digital device when submitting
it to a laboratory for compliance testing
and authorization.
Most unintentional radiators are subject to one of two types of premarketing
authorization: 1) verification or 2) declaration of conformity (DoC) [47 C.F.R.
§ 15.101(a)]. The majority of unintentional radiator types are subject to verification, but it is essential to be certain
that the correct authorization procedure
for a given device is utilized, as improper authorization can result in substantial
financial penalties or other FCC sanctions. The FCC's rules list the specific
types of unintentional radiators that are
subject to verification or DoC. [47
C.F.R. § 15.101(a). Examples of devices subject to DoC include PCs and
peripherals, microwave ovens, radio
receivers, and TV interface devices. A
very few types of unintentional radiators are subject to certification prior to

marketing. The certification procedure
is described later.]

VERIFICATION
Verification is a procedure wherein the
responsible party tests a device to ensure
that it complies with the FCC's technical
requirements and obtains documentation
to prove compliance with the FCC's rules
[47 C.F.R. § 2.902(a)]. This is typically
done by submitting a prototype and other
required information to a testing lab,
obtaining a verification certificate from
the lab (assuming the device passes the
required tests), and retaining the certificate and testing records in case the FCC
conducts an audit. Testing labs typically
charge US$2,500-5,000 for product testing, and the turnaround time is usually
two weeks or fewer. There is no need
to submit any information to the FCC
unless requested [47 C.F.R. § 2.902(a)].
Verification, and all other forms of
authorization, attach to subsequently

A conspicuous label containing a statement that the device complies with Part 15 of the
FCC's rules.

april 2017

^

IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine

23



Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - April 2017

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