IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - October 2015 - 31

processing and computer vision. These can degrade or limit
the performance of the vision-based applications. A variety
of adaptive filtering techniques, e.g., Gaussian, median, and
weighted median filters, has been proposed for enhancing
images degraded by noise. Also, regarding the blur effect,
a number of methods have been proposed, e.g., Wiener
filtering or Lucy-Richardson deconvolution, to remove motion
blur and restore the original image. Low-contrast images can
be enhanced by using the contrast-enhancement techniques.
Among many algorithms, the histogram equalization is
the most commonly used method. Using this method, the
dynamic range of the low-contrast image is modified so that
its intensity histogram has a desired shape, which results in an
output image with enhanced contrast.
Title: "Spatial and Temporal Interpolation Techniques for Video"
Abstract: With the dramatic growth of the largesize display device, providing a higher quality of viewing
experience for users is becoming more important. In this
context, ultrahigh-definition technology, which can deliver
up to 16 times as much detail as conventional high definition,
has recently been developed and is drawing considerable
attention. However, because of the limitation of channel
bandwidth or the lower-grade video sensors, the video
data received by the end users often suffer from the quality
degradation either in spatial or temporal domains. To resolve
these problems, the following techniques can be employed:
super resolution (SR) and frame rate up-conversion (FRUC).
In SR, spatial resolution of the video frames can be enhanced
while minimizing the visual artifacts such as blurring, zagging,
or ringing. In FRUC, on the other hand, to enhance the
temporal resolution of input video sequence, the frames
are reconstructed using a motion compensation technique.
The benefit of this technique is that the effect of motion
jerkiness or blurring can be eliminated without producing any
overlapped and hole regions in the interpolated frame.
Title: "Object Detection and Recognition in Digital Images"
Abstract: Object detection and recognition in images are
key problems in computer vision. Object detection mostly
concerns answering a question about whether a given type
of object is present in images, while the goal of object
recognition is to tell its particular type. These techniques
can play fundamental roles in many applications such as
surveillance systems, smart vehicles, robotics, and automotive
safety. Most object detection and recognition techniques
consist of two modules, feature extraction, and classification.
In the feature extraction process, information on the image
gradient, color, and motion is employed for extracting
numbers of discriminative features from input images, and
the target objects can be detected and localized. In the
classification process, machine-learning schemes such as the
support vector machine (SVM), boosting, genetic algorithm,
neural network, and deep-learning can be adopted.
Aldo Morales (Region 2)
Areas of expertise: signal integrity for high-speed
interconnects, duobinary signaling, jitter, passivity/causality in

S-parameters, and complex wavelets
for video processing.
Biography
Aldo Morales has been a faculty
member at Penn State, Harrisburg. He
earned his B.S. degree in electronic
engineering from the University of
Tarapaca (formerly Northern University), Arica, Chile, and his
M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical and computer engineering
at the State University of New York, Buffalo. He cofounded
the Center for Signal Integrity at Penn State, Harrisburg.
Under his leadership, he obtained funds from the Ben
Franklin Technology Partners of Pennsylvania in the amount
of US$800,000, which later was augmented by another
US$200,000 from center member companies. Companies that
belong to the center are: FCI, Samtec, Phoenix Contact, BerkTek, Souriau, and others. He also works closely with Keysight
Technologies (formerly Agilent). He recently obtained a
prestigious Major Research Instrumentation grant from the
National Science Foundation in the amount of US$448,000
to further support research activities in the Center for Signal
Integrity. Dr. Morales has been honored by several entities
for his technical achievements. He received the Best Poster
Award for the paper "Transmitter Pre-emphasis and Adaptive
Receiver Equalization for Duobinary Signaling in Backplane
Channels" at ICCE 2007. In addition, he was recognized by
IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems in 1996
for his paper "Basis Matrix Representation of Morphological
Filters with N-Dimensional Structuring Elements." He was also
finalist in DesignCon 13, Santa Clara for his paper "A Rapid
Prototyping of FPGA-Based Duobinary Transmitter/Receiver for
High Speed Electrical Backplane Transmission." In addition, Dr.
Morales was honored by the Central Pennsylvania Engineers
Week Council with the Technical Achievement Award in 2009.
2015-2016 CE Society Speakers
The CE Society has recently added the following Society
Speakers to its program for 2015-2016.
Title: "Signal Integrity and Architectural Issues on Duobinary
Schemes"
Abstract: Signal integrity is defined as the engineering
field that analyzes electrical interconnects with the overall
goal of improving the design, reliability, and performance of
digital systems that work at high data rates. It is well known
that modern hardware systems require working with digital
signals at bit-rates between a few megabits per second up
to 40 GB/s. In addition, emphasis in low power consumption
in electronic devices pushes two seemingly different goals:
decreasing signal voltage levels and higher signal-to-noise
ratio in the development of new products. These constraints
add to the design complexity of interconnects and chips with
new, tighter requirements in signal integrity; this is especially
true for CE devices. In this workshop, some signal integrity
issues such as signal degradation, cross-talk, mismatched
impedance with special emphasis in how to "fix" the signal
will be reviewed. For these purposes, signaling techniques
are discussed. One of the signaling schemes that is generally
used in complex backplane communication environments is

october 2015

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