IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine - June 2017 - 79

Data
Analysis

Knowledge

Access

Visualization

ChinaGEOSS.org

Users
Query and Access
Service

Data Cataloging
and Archiving

Metadata

Semantic
Component

Data
Integration/Processing

China EO Data
Source s
China EO Data
Source s
China EO Data
Source s

DAB
International EO Data
Resources

China EO Data Sources

GEO Portal

fiGuRe 2. The architecture of the China GEOSS.

◗ The query and access module provides the discovery and

access service for the China GEOSS web portal and the
web service application programming interfaces (APIs)
for external systems (e.g., the GEO portal).
Generally, the raw EO data that lack metadata will be processed with metadata extraction tools such as the Geospatial
Data Abstraction Library [13], a widely used open-source
library for reading and writing a large variety of raster and
vector spatial data formats.
Knowledge-discovery techniques use metadata to create an EO knowledge base to manage and expose a set of
knowledge bodies, e.g., the domain of images (such as a
forest, farm, or river), ontologies, information on advanced
product characteristics, and so on, to enhance data processing and utilization. Before EO data are ready for cataloging
and archiving, a data-cleaning phase is applied to clean the
data, e.g., by removing duplicates. Then, all the EO data and
metadata are cataloged and archived on persistent storage
so that they can be readily available for querying, analyzing, interlinking, and so on.
To harvest the data from different EO agencies in China, our system connects to external data sources publishing a specific service interface [e.g., OAI-PMH, OGC Web
june 2017

ieee Geoscience and remote sensinG maGazine

Coverage Service (WCS), Secure File Transfer Protocol
(SF TP) Open Search, and Restful]. We developed multiple modules to adapt to different interfaces. We found
that using the GEO DAB as an agent is a simple solution
for harvesting the open EO data made available by different international agencies and brokered by the GEO. To
harvest the EO data from different international organizations that are not brokered by the GEO, we developed
different interface technologies following diverse interface standards.
Geo daB
The intergovernmental GEO is leading a worldwide effort
to build a GEOSS [17], and the GEOSS portal (geoportal.
org) is one of the main entry points for EO data from all
over the world. The GEO DAB is the key component of
the GEOSS common infrastructure, which transparently
connects GEOSS users' requests to the resources shared
by hundreds of heterogeneous GEOSS providers under a
broker pattern [7]. The conceptual model of the DAB is
given in Figure 3. The GEO DAB separates the users of
services from the providers so that, when a client queries
data via a broker interface, the broker will forward the
79



http://www.ChinaGEOSS.org

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