IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine - June 2020 - 100

SNR = 20 dB, γ  = 0.5

SNR = 20 dB, γ  = 0.4
3

3
1
2.5

2.5

2

2
0.5

Amplitude Imbalance (dB)

1.5

1.5

1

1

0.5

0.5

0
-35

-30

-25

1

-20

-15

-10

0.5

(m)
2

0
-35

1.5
-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

SNR = 20 dB, γ  = 0.7

SNR = 20 dB, γ  = 0.6

1

3

3
1.5

2.5
2

2

2.5
2

1

0.5

1.5
0

1.5

1.5

1

1

1

0.5
0
-35

0.5

-30

0.5

-25

-20

-15

0
-35
-10
Crosstalk (dB)

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

FIGURE 12. Contour maps of the height estimation error as a function of crosstalk and amplitude imbalance for SNR = 20 dB [7].

FIGURE 13. A forest scene generated by Arbaro.

The selected inversion model is the RVoG model, and
the inversion algorithm is the DEM differencing method
with optimized coherences. The inversion height of the
forest scene is shown in Figure 15(a). The height statistics
in the red frame of Figure 15(a) are shown in Figure 15(b).
The results in Figure 15(b) show that DEM differencing with optimized coherence has high precision for the
height inversion of this scene, and its average height error
is 0.67%.
100

Then, we analyze the impact of systematic errors on
the inversion results. We add polarization system errors to
the original SAR data and evaluate their impact on forestheight detection errors. Based on the polarization system
parameter model in (46), we can simulate the contaminated PolInSAR data. We assume that the vertical and horizontal polarization crosstalks are the same, that is, d v = d h = d.
In addition, we assume that the two orbits have the same
polarization distortion, that is, Q 1 = Q 2 = Q.
First, we analyze the effect of polarimetric distortion
on the inversion results without the noise. According to the
polarimetric calibration parameters estimated by PALSAR2
data [128], we can roughly estimate the range of polarimetric distortion as follows: | d | 1 0.3, 0.9 1 | f | 1 1.2,
and - 35c 1 arg (f) 1 5c. Based on these estimates, we set
the typical values for polarimetric distortion as follows:
the crosstalk is set to d = 0.2, the amplitude of channel
imbalance to | f | = 1.1, the phase of channel imbalance
to arg (f) = - 25c, and the noise matrix to N = 0. The inverted tree profiles of the center line of Figure 15(a) with
or without polarimetric distortion are compared in Figure 16(a). Although the scattering data are contaminated
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING MAGAZINE

JUNE 2020



IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine - June 2020

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