IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine - March 2018 - 36
the CSG, COSMO-SkyMed will allow the establishment of
a system of systems that provides proficiencies beyond the
sum of those in each constellation (CSK and CSG), thanks
to the synergy between them.
Figure 1 shows an overview of the COSMO-SkyMed system of systems and the relationship between the CSK and
CSG. The IEM capabilities, in turn, allow COSMO-SkyMed
to cooperate and integrate with other missions that might
be based on different kinds of sensors (see Figure 2). The
IEM paradigm consists of the following elements:
◗ Interoperability: This is the COSMO-SkyMed's capacity
to exchange information and data at the national or
international level using a specific and agreed-upon
protocol, irrespective of the internal design of the cooperating partners.
◗ Expandability: This refers to the ability to effectively
expand COSMO-SkyMed either by receiving architectural element plug-ins provided by a partner's system
or by exporting COSMO-SkyMed plug-ins for integration into the partner's structure. This expandability
also includes the concept of scalability, i.e., COSMOSkyMed's facility to vary its configuration and increase
its capabilities by adding instances of blocks, which are
already part of the system, and configuring them (for
example, adding further antennas, further processing
chains, and so forth.)
◗ Multisensor/Multimission: The multisensor COSMO-SkyMed
proficiency allows the system to manage data originated
either by different missions or by different sensors (e.g., radar
or optical) [4], satisfying user requests from submission to
product delivery and integrating within COSMO-SkyMed
other relevant sensor capabilities.
IEM ENTITIES
The COSMO-SkyMed system can be accessed by national
and international entities at two different levels, partner
and copartner, where
◗ a partner is a national or international entity characterized by
* the ability to perform something called international harmonization, which is the process of merging the acquisition requests originating from different international partners, giving each acquisition
request a unique rank within the overall list, and
solving possible conflicts among the requests
* the ability to manage the keys for encoding and
decoding its own data autonomously or to share a
subset with the Italian partner
CSG Space Segment
S-Band
Uplink
X-Band Data Downlink
S-Band
Downlink
S-Band
Downlink
TT&C Stations
TT&C Stations
Satellite TC
Satellite TM
Satellite TM
Satellite Control
Center
Status
Satellite TC
Satellite Control
Center
Mission Plan
Status
Mission Planning and
Control Center
Mission Plan
Mission Planning and
Control Center
Requests
UGS
S-Band
Uplink
X-Band Data Downlink
CSK Space Segment
Requests
CSG Interface Manager
UGS
User
Service Requests
Products
FIGURE 1. A COSMO-SkyMed block diagram. The common items are in green. TT&C: telemetry, tracking, and control; TM: telemetry; TC:
telecommand.
36
ieee Geoscience and remote sensing magazine
march 2018
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