IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine - March 2020 - 55

(IBIS-L manufactured by IDS) constantly monitored the
scene from 15-22 June 2008. The device works in the Ku
band with a central wavelength of approximately 1.8 cm
and can achieve a range resolution of 0.5 m and a maximum
cross-range resolution of approximately 4.5 mrad. The scene
is illuminated using a revisiting interval of roughly 8 min.
As a result, a data set of roughly 1,500 synthetic images was
produced during this test campaign. Because the scene was
not fully accessible, only a single weather station close to the
radar could be exploited. The measures were collected by the
station, as depicted in Figure 16, and exhibited strong fluctuations in temperature and humidity.

The geographic settings consist of an almost flat, inhabited
terrain in the foreground (circa first 600 m) just underneath a
mountainside, which extends up to a range of approximately
1,200 m. In Figure 17, a photo of the instrument view, together
with the amplitude map of targets in the scene, is shown. Because the scene had to rely on a single meteorological data set,
the authors decided to depend on a very coarse yet reasonable
(particularly for short distances) approximation; that is, the refractivity was assumed to be uniform with respect to space.
Initially, the APS compensation was attempted without
resorting to the calibration technique: The resulting interferometric phases (with respect to the first image chosen

Rotating Arm
MIMO Radar Head

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

FIGURE 15. Photos of the arc scanning GB-DInSAR systems cited in Table 2: (a) KNU-ArcSAR, (b) IBIS-ArcSAR, (c) IECAS Arc-FMCW-SAR,
and (d) NCUT-ArcSAR.

TABLE 2. TYPICAL ARC SCANNING SYSTEM PARAMETERS.
SIGNAL
SYSTEM

RANGE
RESOLUTION (M)

AZIMUTH RESOLUTION
(mrad) OR (M) AT 1 KM

MAXIMUM MONITORING
DISTANCE (KM)

NAME

KNU

ArcSAR [18]

SFCW

X

180° in 14 min

0.5

4

0.4

IDS

IBIS--A rcSAR [19]

FMCW
MIMO

Ku

360° in 40 s
180° in 20 s

0.3

4.3

5

NCUT

NCUT--A rcSAR [88]

FMCW

Ku

180° in 3 s

0.3

10

5

IECAS

Arc-FMCW-SAR [20]

FMCW

X

130° in 13 s

0.2

16

1.5

MARCH 2020

BAND

ACQUISITION TIME
FOR ONE IMAGE

OWNER

IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING MAGAZINE

55



IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine - March 2020

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine - March 2020

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